9542089
PKZVFHPB
1
apa
50
date
desc
2394
https://www.svri.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%223HU4SHRF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Adelekan%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-10-31%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAdelekan%2C%20B.%2C%20Somefun%2C%20E.%2C%20Kareem%2C%20O.%2C%20Ibrahim%2C%20O.%2C%20Welye%2C%20H.%2C%20Sageer%2C%20R.%2C%20Goldson%2C%20E.%2C%20Umar%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sekoni%2C%20A.%20O.%20%282024%29.%20The%20comparison%20of%20comprehensive%20sexuality%20education%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20in%20CSE-exposed%20and%20CSE-na%26%23xEF%3Bve%20non-formal%20settings%20in%20Lagos%20State%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EPLOS%20Global%20Public%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E4%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2810%29%2C%20e0003858.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pgph.0003858%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pgph.0003858%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20comparison%20of%20comprehensive%20sexuality%20education%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20in%20CSE-exposed%20and%20CSE-na%5Cu00efve%20non-formal%20settings%20in%20Lagos%20State%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Babatunde%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adelekan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Esther%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Somefun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olushola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kareem%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Oladimeji%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ibrahim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hamira%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Welye%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rabiatu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sageer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erika%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Goldson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rashidat%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Umar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adekemi%20Oluwayemisi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sekoni%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20study%20compared%20the%20sexual%20reproductive%20health%20and%20rights%20related%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20towards%20inclusive%20gender%20norms%20among%20students%20in%20comprehensive%20sexuality%20education%20%28CSE%29%20exposed%20and%20na%5Cu00efve%20technical%20and%20vocational%20centers%20in%20Lagos%20state%2C%20Nigeria.%20It%20also%20explored%20the%20benefits%20of%20teaching%20and%20learning%20about%20CSE%20from%20exposed%20students%20and%20their%20instructors.%20A%20mixed-method%20research%20design%20was%20used.%20The%20study%20population%20comprised%20of%20students%2015%5Cu201324%20years%20of%20age%20attending%20technical%20and%20vocational%20centers%20in%20Lagos%20State%20and%20instructors%20in%20CSE-exposed%20centres.%20Sample%20size%20of%20450%20per%20group%20was%20calculated.%20A%20structured%20interviewer-administered%20questionnaire%3B%20focus%20group%20discussions%20and%20key%20informant%20interviews%20were%20used%20for%20data%20collection.%20Quantitative%20data%20was%20analyzed%20at%20p%3C0.05%3B%20coding%20and%20thematic%20analysis%20of%20qualitative%20data%20was%20followed%20by%20integration%20and%20of%20the%20findings%3B%20and%20interpreted%20using%20the%20information-motivation-behavioural%20skills%20model.%20Students%20in%20CSE-exposed%20schools%20had%20statistically%20significantly%20higher%20SRHR-related%20knowledge%20scores%20and%20positive%20attitudes%20towards%20inclusive%20gender%20norms.%20The%20CSE%20training%20improved%20the%20educational%20knowledge%20and%20teaching%20modalities%20of%20the%20instructors.%20The%20adolescents%20had%20increased%20knowledge%2C%20acquired%20behavioural%20skills%2C%20and%20changed%20certain%20behaviors.%20The%20SRHR-related%20benefits%20extended%20to%20their%20siblings%20and%20friends.%20This%20study%20contributes%20to%20the%20knowledge%20available%20on%20the%20benefits%20of%20CSE%20for%20young%20people%20in%20non-formal%20settings%20in%20Nigeria.%20It%20revealed%20that%20CSE%20training%20benefits%20not%20only%20the%20students%20but%20also%20their%20instructors%2C%20who%20reported%20acquisition%20of%20new%20teaching%20skills%20and%20improved%20parenting%20skills.%20The%20study%20findings%20suggest%20that%20the%20integration%20of%20CSE%20into%20non-formal%20educational%20settings%20could%20improve%20the%20SRHR-%20related%20knowledge%20among%20young%20people%2C%20promote%20inclusive%20gender%20norms%20and%20potentially%20contribute%20to%20improved%20SRH%20outcomes%20and%20related%20SDGs%20in%20Nigeria.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22Oct%2031%2C%202024%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pgph.0003858%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222767-3375%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.plos.org%5C%2Fglobalpublichealth%5C%2Farticle%3Fid%3D10.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pgph.0003858%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-11-11T13%3A21%3A58Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22G2A94DJB%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brown%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-06-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBrown%2C%20D.%20S.%2C%20McNelly%2C%20S.%2C%20Meinhart%2C%20M.%2C%20Sesay%2C%20I.%2C%20Poulton%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stark%2C%20L.%20%282024%29.%20Associations%20between%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20labor%20market%20outcomes%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EGlobal%20Health%20Research%20and%20Policy%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E9%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%2021.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41256-024-00362-1%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41256-024-00362-1%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Associations%20between%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20women%5Cu2019s%20labor%20market%20outcomes%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Derek%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brown%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Samantha%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22McNelly%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Melissa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meinhart%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ibrahim%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sesay%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Catherine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Poulton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lindsay%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stark%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Little%20is%20known%20regarding%20economic%20impacts%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20in%20humanitarian%20settings%2C%20especially%20the%20labor%20market%20burden.%20Examining%20costs%20of%20IPV%20beyond%20the%20health%20burden%20may%20provide%20new%20information%20to%20help%20with%20resource%20allocation%20for%20addressing%20IPV%2C%20including%20within%20conflict%20zones.%20This%20paper%20measures%20the%20incidence%20and%20prevalence%20of%20different%20types%20of%20IPV%2C%20the%20potential%20relationship%20between%20IPV%20and%20labor%20market%20activity%2C%20and%20estimating%20the%20cost%20of%20these%20IPV-associated%20labor%20market%20differentials.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-06-20%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs41256-024-00362-1%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222397-0642%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs41256-024-00362-1%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-06-28T09%3A37%3A32Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22Z5ECWJGB%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Odini%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024-04-25%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOdini%2C%20F.%2C%20Amuzie%2C%20C.%2C%20Kalu%2C%20K.%20U.%2C%20Nwamoh%2C%20U.%2C%20Emma-Ukaegbu%2C%20U.%2C%20Izuka%2C%20M.%2C%20Odini%2C%20U.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ezepue%2C%20C.%20%282024%29.%20Prevalence%2C%20pattern%20and%20predictors%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20amongst%20female%20undergraduates%20in%20Abia%20State%2C%20Nigeria%3B%20public%20health%20implications.%20%3Ci%3EBMC%20Women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E24%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20259.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-024-03088-x%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-024-03088-x%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevalence%2C%20pattern%20and%20predictors%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20amongst%20female%20undergraduates%20in%20Abia%20State%2C%20Nigeria%3B%20public%20health%20implications%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Franklin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Odini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chidinma%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Amuzie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kalu%20Ulu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kalu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Uche%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nwamoh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Uloaku%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Emma-Ukaegbu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Izuka%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Uchechukwu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Odini%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chukwubuike%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ezepue%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20%28IPV%29%20is%20the%20range%20of%20sexually%2C%20psychologically%20and%20physically%20coercive%20acts%20used%20against%20adult%20and%20adolescent%20women%20by%20a%20current%20or%20former%20male%20partner.%20It%20is%20a%20major%20public%20health%20problem%20globally.%20This%20study%20determined%20the%20prevalence%2C%20patterns%20and%20predictors%20of%20IPV%20amongst%20female%20undergraduates%20in%20Abia%20State.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024-04-25%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs12905-024-03088-x%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221472-6874%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-024-03088-x%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%2C%223BH36Y8L%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-05-10T11%3A47%3A49Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227BEGTVBR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Musa-Maliki%20and%20Duma%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMusa-Maliki%2C%20A.%20U.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Duma%2C%20S.%20E.%20%282024%29.%20Barriers%20to%20routine%20screening%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20during%20pregnancy%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EHeliyon%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E10%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%289%29%2C%20e30504.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.heliyon.2024.e30504%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.heliyon.2024.e30504%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Barriers%20to%20routine%20screening%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20during%20pregnancy%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ayishetu%20U.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Musa-Maliki%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sinegugu%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Duma%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2024%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.heliyon.2024.e30504%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2224058440%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%5C%2Fretrieve%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS2405844024065356%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-05-24T13%3A18%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%229Q8HZF7G%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Akinbode%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-09-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAkinbode%2C%20A.%20O.%2C%20Udoh%2C%20S.%20B.%2C%20Eseigbe%2C%20P.%2C%20Udom%2C%20N.%20U.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Olowu%2C%20M.%20O.%20%282023%29.%20Youth%20Sexual%20Exploitation%20in%20Nigeria%3A%20Pathway%20Influencers%20and%20Crossroad%20Solutions%20for%20an%20Undercarpet%20Menace.%20%3Ci%3ECurrent%20Pediatrics%20Reports%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E11%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%2051%26%23x2013%3B60.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40124-023-00293-4%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40124-023-00293-4%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Youth%20Sexual%20Exploitation%20in%20Nigeria%3A%20Pathway%20Influencers%20and%20Crossroad%20Solutions%20for%20an%20Undercarpet%20Menace%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Akeem%20Opeyemi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Akinbode%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sunday%20Bassey%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Udoh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patricia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Eseigbe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ndifreke%20Ubokutom%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Udom%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Magaret%20Omolade%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olowu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20study%20highlights%20the%20prevalence%20of%20sexual%20exploitation%20of%20young%20people%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20as%20well%20as%20its%20contributing%20factors%2C%20impact%2C%20and%20potential%20solutions%2C%20based%20on%20the%20evidence%20currently%20available.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-09-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs40124-023-00293-4%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222167-4841%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40124-023-00293-4%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-12-13T13%3A35%3A17Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TRIMIBS2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Onah%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-07-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOnah%2C%20C.%20K.%2C%20Ossai%2C%20E.%20N.%2C%20Nwachukwu%2C%20O.%20M.%2C%20Nwankwo%2C%20G.%20E.%2C%20Mbam%2C%20H.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Azuogu%2C%20B.%20N.%20%282023%29.%20Factors%20associated%20with%20the%20practice%20of%20and%20intention%20to%20perform%20female%20genital%20mutilation%20on%20a%20female%20child%20among%20married%20women%20in%20Abakaliki%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EBMC%20Women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E23%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20376.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-023-02537-3%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-023-02537-3%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Factors%20associated%20with%20the%20practice%20of%20and%20intention%20to%20perform%20female%20genital%20mutilation%20on%20a%20female%20child%20among%20married%20women%20in%20Abakaliki%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Cosmas%20Kenan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onah%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Edmund%20Ndudi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ossai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Okechukwu%20Matthew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nwachukwu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gloria%20Ekwutosi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nwankwo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hyacinth%20Ogbonna%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mbam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Benedict%20Ndubueze%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Azuogu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%5CnFemale%20Genital%20Mutilation%20%28FGM%29%2C%20also%20known%20as%20Female%20Genital%20Cutting%20or%20Female%20Circumcision%20is%20the%20harmful%20excision%20of%20the%20female%20genital%20organs%20for%20non-medical%20reasons.%20According%20to%20WHO%2C%20approximately%20200%5Cu00a0million%20girls%20and%20women%20have%20been%20genitally%20mutilated%20globally.%20Its%20recognition%20internationally%20as%20human%20rights%20violation%20has%20led%20to%20initiatives%20to%20stop%20FGM.%20This%20study%20investigated%20factors%20associated%20with%20the%20practice%20and%20intention%20to%20perform%20FGM%20among%20married%20women.%5Cn%5CnMethods%5CnA%20cross-sectional%20study%20was%20conducted%20among%20421%20married%20women%20from%20communities%20in%20Abakaliki%20Nigeria.%20The%20participants%20were%20selected%20through%20multistage%20sampling.%20Data%20were%20collected%20through%20the%20interviewer%5Cu2019s%20administration%20of%20a%20validated%20questionnaire.%20Data%20were%20analyzed%20using%20IBM-SPSS%20version%2025.%20Chi-square%20and%20logistic%20regression%20tests%20were%20employed%20to%20determine%20factors%20associated%20with%20the%20practice%20and%20intention%20to%20perform%20FGM%20at%20a%20p-value%20of%20%5Cu2264%5Cu20090.05%20and%20confidence%20level%20of%2095%25.%5Cn%5CnResults%5CnThe%20mean%20age%20of%20respondents%20is%2040.5%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu200914.9%20years.%20A%20majority%2C%2096.7%25%20were%20aware%20of%20FGM.%20On%20a%20scale%20of%2015%2C%20their%20mean%20knowledge%20score%20was%208.1%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20094.3%20marks.%20Whereas%2050.4%25%20of%20the%20respondents%20were%20genitally%20mutilated%2C%2020.2%25%20have%20also%20genitally%20mutilated%20their%20daughters%2C%20and%207.4%25%20have%20plan%20to%20genitally%20mutilate%20their%20future%20daughters.%20On%20a%20scale%20of%206%2C%20their%20mean%20practice%20score%20was%204.8%5Cu2009%5Cu00b1%5Cu20091.2%20marks.%20The%20top%20reasons%20for%20FGM%20are%20tradition%20%2882.9%25%29%2C%20a%20rite%20of%20passage%20into%20womanhood%20%2864.4%25%29%2C%20suppression%20of%20sexuality%20%2864.4%25%29%2C%20and%20promiscuity%20%2862.5%25%29.%20Women%20with%20at%20least%20secondary%20education%20are%20less%20likely%20to%20genitally%20mutilate%20their%20daughters%20%28Adjusted%20Odds%20Ratio%20%5BAOR%5D%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.248%2C%2095%25%20Confidence%20Interval%20%5BCI%5D%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.094%5Cu20130.652%29.%20Women%20who%20are%20genitally%20mutilated%20are%20more%20likely%20to%20genitally%20mutilate%20their%20daughters%20%28AOR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu200928.732%2C%2095%25%20CI%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20096.171%5Cu2013133.768%29%2C%20and%20those%20who%20have%20previously%20genitally%20mutilated%20their%20daughters%20have%20greater%20intention%20to%20genitally%20mutilate%20future%20ones%20%28AOR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu2009141.786%3B%2095%25%20CI%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20099.584%5Cu2013209.592%29.%5Cn%5CnConclusions%5CnWomen%20who%20underwent%20FGM%20have%20a%20greater%20propensity%20to%20perpetuate%20the%20practice%20but%20attaining%20at%20least%20secondary%20education%20promotes%20its%20abandonment.%20Targeted%20intervention%20to%20dispel%20any%20harboured%20erroneous%20beliefs%20of%20the%20sexual%2C%20health%2C%20or%20socio-cultural%20benefits%20of%20FGM%20and%20improved%20public%20legislation%20with%20enforcement%20against%20FGM%20are%20recommended.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-7-17%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs12905-023-02537-3%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221472-6874%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC10353125%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-08-31T09%3A10%3A22Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22EQ9CT9T3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22AINA-PELEMO%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-07-14%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAINA-PELEMO%2C%20A.%20D.%2C%20Olujobi%2C%20O.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20YEBISI%2C%20E.%20T.%20%282023%29.%20A%20socio-legal%20imperative%20of%20domestic%20violence%20prohibition%20in%20Africa%20vis-a-vis%20Nigerian%20legal%20structure%20for%20sexually%20abused%20women.%20%3Ci%3EF1000Research%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E12%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20397.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.12688%5C%2Ff1000research.132413.4%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.12688%5C%2Ff1000research.132413.4%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20socio-legal%20imperative%20of%20domestic%20violence%20prohibition%20in%20Africa%20vis-a-vis%20Nigerian%20legal%20structure%20for%20sexually%20abused%20women%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adetutu%20Deborah%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22AINA-PELEMO%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olusola%20Joshua%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olujobi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22EBENEZER%20TUNDE%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22YEBISI%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Domestic%20violence%20is%20a%20major%20issue%20globally.%20It%20is%20one%20of%20the%20most%20heinous%20crimes%20which%20has%20and%20still%20results%20in%20numerous%20deaths%2C%20still%20receives%20the%20least%20amount%20of%20attention%2C%20and%20its%20negative%20influence%20is%20being%20underrated.%20In%20Africa%2C%20it%20is%20customarily%20acceptable%20for%20a%20woman%20to%20be%20beaten%20by%20her%20husband%20as%20a%20form%20of%20discipline%2C%20and%20Nigeria%20is%20not%20an%20exception.%20To%20think%20otherwise%2C%20that%20it%20cannot%20be%20socially%20acceptable%20and%20legally%20upheld%20for%20a%20man%20to%20beat%20his%20wife%20as%20a%20form%20of%20discipline%2C%20is%20to%20deny%20an%20existing%20reality.%20Section%20282%20of%20the%20Nigerian%20Penal%20Code%20encourages%20men%20to%20beat%20their%20wives%20when%20necessary.%20This%20form%20of%20permissible%20violence%20is%20often%20viewed%20as%20a%20family%20issue.%20Hence%20women%20are%20reluctant%20to%20speak%20up%20about%20their%20experiences.%20The%20stigma%20that%20usually%20follows%20speaking%20up%20or%20voicing%20out%20is%20better%20imagined%20than%20experienced.%20This%20study%2C%20therefore%2C%20provides%20credible%20information%20on%20domestic%20violence%20incidents%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20Africa.%20The%20methodology%20utilised%20is%20the%20doctrinal%20legal%20research%20method%20with%20reports%20from%20existing%20literature%20and%20tertiary%20data%20sources%20such%20as%20newspapers%20and%20website%20sources.%20It%20discusses%20legislation%20enacted%20to%20prevent%20and%20prohibit%20domestic%20violence%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20how%20influential%20they%20have%20been%20on%20the%20nation%20at%20large.%20By%20way%20of%20comparative%20analysis%2C%20we%20examine%20domestic%20violence%20occurrences%20in%20some%20selected%20African%20countries%20and%20the%20European%20continents%20concerning%20Nigeria.%20It%20also%20delves%20into%20the%20violation%20of%20the%20principles%20of%20gender%20equality%20by%20some%20Nigerian%20customs%20and%20traditional%20practices.%20This%20study%20then%20makes%20recommendations%20on%20how%20to%20address%20the%20issue.%20Through%20its%20insightful%20engagement%2C%20this%20study%20found%2C%20among%20others%2C%20that%20domestic%20violence%20is%20widespread%20in%20Africa%20and%20that%20a%20national%20law%20prohibiting%20the%20act%20and%20holding%20perpetrators%20accountable%20is%20not%20only%20imperative%20in%20Nigeria%20but%20across%20the%20African%20continent.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023-7-14%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.12688%5C%2Ff1000research.132413.4%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222046-1402%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC10308136%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-08-31T09%3A10%3A45Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KIJXAF5P%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ikuteyijo%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EIkuteyijo%2C%20O.%20O.%2C%20Kaiser-Grolimund%2C%20A.%2C%20Fetters%2C%20M.%20D.%2C%20Akinyemi%2C%20A.%20I.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Merten%2C%20S.%20%282023%29.%20Health%20Providers%26%23x2019%3B%20Response%20to%20Female%20Adolescent%20Survivors%20of%20Sexual%20and%20Gender-Based%20Violence%20and%20Demand%20Side%20Barriers%20in%20the%20Utilization%20of%20Support%20Services%20in%20Urban%20Low-Income%20Communities%20of%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EHealthcare%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E11%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2819%29%2C%202627.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3390%5C%2Fhealthcare11192627%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3390%5C%2Fhealthcare11192627%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Health%20Providers%5Cu2019%20Response%20to%20Female%20Adolescent%20Survivors%20of%20Sexual%20and%20Gender-Based%20Violence%20and%20Demand%20Side%20Barriers%20in%20the%20Utilization%20of%20Support%20Services%20in%20Urban%20Low-Income%20Communities%20of%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olutoyin%20Opeyemi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ikuteyijo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kaiser-Grolimund%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%20D.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fetters%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Akanni%20Ibukun%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Akinyemi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sonja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Merten%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Survivors%20of%20sexual%20and%20gender-based%20violence%20%28SGBV%29%20are%20often%20hindered%20in%20their%20quest%20to%20access%20quality%20healthcare.%20This%20has%20a%20significant%20effect%20towards%20the%20achievement%20of%20Sustainable%20Development%20Goal%20SDG%20Target%203.7.%20to%20ensure%20universal%20access%20to%20sexual%20and%20reproductive%20healthcare%20services.%20This%20study%20is%20focused%20on%20identifying%20some%20of%20the%20demand%20side%20barriers%20in%20accessing%20health%20care%20services%2C%20particularly%20among%20young%20girls%20who%20are%20survivors%20of%20SGBV%20within%20intimate%20relationships%20in%20poor%20urban%20areas%20in%20Nigeria.%20The%20study%20used%20an%20ethnographic%20approach%20to%20solicit%20information%20from%20health%20providers%2C%20adolescents%2C%20and%20young%20women%20%28AYW%29%20in%2010%20low-income%20communities%20in%20two%20major%20cities%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20Ibadan%20and%20Lagos.%20Findings%20showed%20that%20there%20are%20structural%20limitations%20within%20the%20primary%20health%20care%20%28PHC%29%20system%20that%20posed%20a%20great%20challenge%20for%20survivors%20of%20SGBV%20to%20access%20services.%20Some%20of%20these%20include%20non-existing%20counseling%20services%2C%20a%20lack%20of%20rehabilitation%20centers%2C%20poor%20referral%2C%20and%20a%20lack%20of%20training%20for%20health%20providers%20in%20handling%20survivors%20of%20SGBV.%20There%20is%20also%20a%20lack%20of%20skills%20among%20health%20service%20providers%20that%20have%20negative%20influence%20on%20support%20services%20to%20survivors%20of%20SGBV.%20On%20the%20demand%20side%2C%20poor%20knowledge%20of%20possible%20health%20seeking%20pathways%2C%20a%20lack%20of%20education%2C%20and%20social%20support%20are%20barriers%20to%20accessing%20appropriate%20services%20among%20adolescent%20and%20young%20SGBV%20survivors.%20The%20study%20concluded%20that%20integrated%20services%20at%20the%20PHC%20level%20should%20include%20adequate%20and%20timely%20treatment%20for%20survivors%20of%20SGBV%20and%20targeted%20intervention%20to%20upscale%20skills%20and%20knowledge%20of%20health%20care%20providers.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023%5C%2F1%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3390%5C%2Fhealthcare11192627%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222227-9032%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mdpi.com%5C%2F2227-9032%5C%2F11%5C%2F19%5C%2F2627%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-11-02T10%3A00%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22XWWLCLM5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Nnanatu%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENnanatu%2C%20C.%20C.%2C%20Atilola%2C%20G.%2C%20Komba%2C%20P.%2C%20Mavatikua%2C%20L.%2C%20Moore%2C%20Z.%2C%20Matanda%2C%20D.%2C%20Obianwu%2C%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kandala%2C%20N.-B.%20%282021%29.%20Evaluating%20changes%20in%20the%20prevalence%20of%20female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%20among%200-14%20years%20old%20girls%20in%20Nigeria%20using%20data%20from%20multiple%20surveys%3A%20A%20novel%20Bayesian%20hierarchical%20spatio-temporal%20model.%20%3Ci%3EPloS%20One%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E16%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20e0246661.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pone.0246661%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pone.0246661%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Evaluating%20changes%20in%20the%20prevalence%20of%20female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%20among%200-14%20years%20old%20girls%20in%20Nigeria%20using%20data%20from%20multiple%20surveys%3A%20A%20novel%20Bayesian%20hierarchical%20spatio-temporal%20model%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chibuzor%20Christopher%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nnanatu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Glory%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Atilola%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Komba%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lubanzadio%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mavatikua%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zhuzhi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Moore%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dennis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Matanda%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Otibho%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Obianwu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ngianga-Bakwin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kandala%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%20%28FGM%5C%2FC%29%20is%20considered%20a%20public%20health%20and%20human%20rights%20concern%2C%20mainly%20concentrated%20in%20Africa%2C%20and%20has%20been%20targeted%20for%20elimination%20under%20the%20sustainable%20development%20goals.%20Interventions%20aimed%20at%20ending%20the%20practice%20often%20rely%20on%20data%20from%20household%20surveys%20which%20employ%20complex%20designs%20leading%20to%20outcomes%20that%20are%20not%20totally%20independent%2C%20thus%20requiring%20advanced%20statistical%20techniques.%20Combining%20data%20from%20multiple%20surveys%20within%20robust%20statistical%20framework%20holds%20promise%20to%20provide%20more%20precise%20estimates%20due%20to%20increased%20sample%20size%2C%20and%20accurately%20identify%20%27hotspots%27%20and%20allow%20for%20assessment%20of%20changes%20over%20time.%20In%20this%20study%2C%20rich%20datasets%20from%20six%20%286%29%20successive%20waves%20of%20the%20Nigeria%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Surveys%20and%20Multiple%20Indicator%20Cluster%20Surveys%20undertaken%20between%202003%20and%202016%5C%2F17%2C%20were%20combined%20and%20analyzed%20in%20order%20to%20better%20assess%20changes%20in%20the%20likelihood%20and%20prevalence%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%20among%200-14-year%20old%20girls%20in%20Nigeria.%20We%20used%20Bayesian%20hierarchical%20regression%20models%20which%20explicitly%20accounted%20for%20the%20inherent%20spatial%20and%20temporal%20autocorrelations%20within%20the%20data%20while%20simultaneously%20adjusting%20for%20variations%20due%20to%20different%20survey%20methods%20and%20the%20effects%20of%20linear%20and%20non-linear%20covariates.%20Parameters%20were%20estimated%20using%20Markov%20chain%20Mote%20Carlo%20techniques%20and%20model%20fit%20assessments%20were%20based%20on%20Deviance%20Information%20Criterion.%20Results%20show%20that%20prevalence%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%20among%200-14%20years%20old%20girls%20in%20Nigeria%20varied%20over%20time%20and%20across%20geographical%20locations%20and%20peaked%20in%202008%20with%20a%20shift%20from%20South%20to%20North.%20A%20girl%20was%20more%20likely%20to%20be%20cut%20if%20her%20mother%20was%20cut%2C%20supported%20FGM%5C%2FC%20continuation%2C%20or%20had%20no%20higher%20education.%20The%20effects%20of%20mother%27s%20age%2C%20wealth%20and%20type%20of%20residence%20%28urban-rural%29%20were%20no%20longer%20significant%20in%202016.%20These%20results%20reflect%20the%20gains%20of%20interventions%20over%20the%20years%2C%20but%20also%20echo%20the%20belief%20that%20FGM%5C%2FC%20is%20a%20social%20norm%20thus%20requiring%20tailored%20all-inclusive%20interventions%20for%20the%20total%20abandonment%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%20in%20Nigeria.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1371%5C%2Fjournal.pone.0246661%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221932-6203%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-01-26T07%3A44%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22D579XQAA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Stark%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EStark%2C%20L.%2C%20Seff%2C%20I.%2C%20Weber%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20Cislaghi%2C%20B.%2C%20Meinhart%2C%20M.%2C%20Bermudez%2C%20L.%20G.%2C%20Atuchukwu%2C%20V.%2C%20Onotu%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Darmstadt%2C%20G.%20L.%20%282020%29.%20Perpetration%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20mental%20health%20outcomes%3A%20sex-%20and%20gender-disaggregated%20associations%20among%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Global%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E10%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20010708.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.7189%5C%2Fjogh.10.010708%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.7189%5C%2Fjogh.10.010708%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Perpetration%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20mental%20health%20outcomes%3A%20sex-%20and%20gender-disaggregated%20associations%20among%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lindsay%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stark%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ilana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Seff%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ann%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Beniamino%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cislaghi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Melissa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meinhart%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laura%20Gauer%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bermudez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Victor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Atuchukwu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dennis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onotu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gary%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Darmstadt%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20The%20association%20between%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20victimisation%20and%20poor%20mental%20health%20outcomes%20is%20well%20established.%20Less%20is%20known%20about%20the%20correlation%20between%20IPV%20perpetration%20and%20mental%20health%2C%20particularly%20among%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults.%20Using%20data%20from%20the%20nationally%20representative%20Violence%20Against%20Children%20Survey%2C%20this%20analysis%20examines%20the%20association%20between%20IPV%20perpetration%20and%20mental%20health%20for%20male%20and%20female%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20in%20Nigeria.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Multivariate%20logistic%20regression%20models%20were%20used%20to%20examine%20associations%20between%20ever-perpetration%20of%20IPV%20and%20four%20self-reported%20mental%20health%20variables%3A%20severe%20sadness%2C%20feelings%20of%20worthlessness%2C%20suicide%20ideation%2C%20and%20alcohol%20use.%20Models%20were%20sex-disaggregated%2C%20controlled%20for%20age%2C%20marital%20status%2C%20and%20schooling%2C%20and%20tested%20with%20and%20without%20past%20exposure%20to%20violence.%20Standard%20errors%20were%20adjusted%20for%20sampling%20stratification%20and%20clustering.%20Observations%20were%20weighted%20to%20be%20representative%20of%2013-24%20year-olds%20in%20Nigeria.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Males%20were%20nearly%20twice%20as%20likely%20as%20females%20to%20perpetrate%20IPV%20%289%25%20v.%205%25%2C%20respectively%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu20090.001%29%2C%20while%20odds%20of%20perpetration%20for%20both%20sexes%20were%20higher%20for%20those%20ever%20experiencing%20IPV%20%28adjusted%20odds%20ratio%20%28aOR%29%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20094.60%20for%20males%3B%20aOR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20092.71%20for%20females%29.%20Female%20perpetrators%20had%202.73%20higher%20odds%20of%20reporting%20severe%20sadness%20%2895%25%20confidence%20interval%20CI%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20091.44%2C%205.17%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.002%29%20and%202.72%20times%20greater%20odds%20of%20reporting%20suicide%20ideation%20%281.28%2C%205.79%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.010%29%20than%20non-perpetrating%20females%2C%20even%20when%20controlling%20for%20past-year%20violence%20victimisation.%20In%20contrast%2C%20male%20perpetrators%20had%202.65%20times%20greater%20odds%20of%20feeling%20worthless%20%281.09%2C%206.43%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20090.031%29%2C%20and%202.36%20times%20greater%20odds%20of%20reporting%20alcohol%20use%20in%20the%20last%2030%20days%20%281.50%2C%203.73%3B%20P%5Cu2009%3C%5Cu20090.001%29%2C%20as%20compared%20to%20non-perpetrating%20males.%5CnCONCLUSIONS%3A%20Among%20adolescents%20and%20young%20adults%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20IPV%20perpetration%20and%20negative%20mental%20health%20outcomes%20are%20associated%20but%20differ%20for%20males%20and%20females.%20Mindful%20of%20the%20cross-sectional%20nature%20of%20the%20data%2C%20it%20is%20possible%20that%20socially%20determined%20gender%20norms%20may%20shape%20the%20ways%20in%20which%20distress%20from%20IPV%20perpetration%20is%20understood%20and%20expressed.%20Additional%20research%20is%20needed%20to%20clarify%20these%20associations%20and%20inform%20violence%20prevention%20efforts.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-06%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.7189%5C%2Fjogh.10.010708%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222047-2986%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2F32257165%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A45%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226AB7GSV8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Meinhart%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-01-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EMeinhart%2C%20M.%2C%20Seff%2C%20I.%2C%20Darmstadt%2C%20G.%20L.%2C%20Weber%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Stark%2C%20L.%20%282020%29.%20Attitudinal%20Acceptance%20of%20Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20Among%20Adolescents%20and%20Young%20Adults%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20Tanzania%3A%20An%20Exploration%20Into%20Target%20Reference%20Groups.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Adolescent%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E66%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20S3%26%23x2013%3BS8.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jadohealth.2019.10.006%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.jadohealth.2019.10.006%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Attitudinal%20Acceptance%20of%20Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20Among%20Adolescents%20and%20Young%20Adults%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20Tanzania%3A%20An%20Exploration%20Into%20Target%20Reference%20Groups%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Melissa%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Meinhart%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ilana%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Seff%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gary%20L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Darmstadt%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ann%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Weber%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lindsay%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Stark%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020-01-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22English%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.jadohealth.2019.10.006%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221054-139X%2C%201879-1972%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.jahonline.org%5C%2Farticle%5C%2FS1054-139X%2819%2930505-1%5C%2Ffulltext%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%2C%22MS6K257C%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-11-04T08%3A24%3A04Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ARMV3AH6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Nguyen%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-10-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A2%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENguyen%2C%20K.%20H.%2C%20Padilla%2C%20M.%2C%20Villaveces%2C%20A.%2C%20Patel%2C%20P.%2C%20Atuchukwu%2C%20V.%2C%20Onotu%2C%20D.%2C%20Apondi%2C%20R.%2C%20Aluzimbi%2C%20G.%2C%20Chipimo%2C%20P.%2C%20Kancheya%2C%20N.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kress%2C%20H.%20%282019%29.%20Coerced%20and%20forced%20sexual%20initiation%20and%20its%20association%20with%20negative%20health%20outcomes%20among%20youth%3A%20Results%20from%20the%20Nigeria%2C%20Uganda%2C%20and%20Zambia%20Violence%20Against%20Children%20Surveys.%20%3Ci%3EChild%20Abuse%20%26amp%3B%20Neglect%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E96%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20104074.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.chiabu.2019.104074%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.chiabu.2019.104074%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Coerced%20and%20forced%20sexual%20initiation%20and%20its%20association%20with%20negative%20health%20outcomes%20among%20youth%3A%20Results%20from%20the%20Nigeria%2C%20Uganda%2C%20and%20Zambia%20Violence%20Against%20Children%20Surveys%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kimberly%20H.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nguyen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mabel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Padilla%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andr%5Cu00e9s%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Villaveces%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Pragna%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Patel%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Victor%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Atuchukwu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dennis%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onotu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rose%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Apondi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22George%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aluzimbi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Peter%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chipimo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nzali%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kancheya%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Howard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kress%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Introduction%5CnCoerced%20and%20forced%20sexual%20initiation%20%28FSI%29%20can%20have%20detrimental%20effects%20on%20children%20and%20youth.%20Understanding%20health%20outcomes%20that%20are%20associated%20with%20experiences%20of%20FSI%20is%20important%20for%20developing%20appropriate%20strategies%20for%20prevention%20and%20treatment%20of%20FSI%20and%20its%20consequences.%5CnMethods%5CnThe%20Violence%20Against%20Children%20Surveys%20were%20conducted%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20Uganda%2C%20and%20Zambia%20in%202014%20and%202015.%20We%20examined%20the%20prevalence%20of%20FSI%20and%20its%20consequences%20%28sexual%20high-risk%20behaviors%2C%20violence%20experiences%2C%20mental%20health%20outcomes%2C%20and%20sexually%20transmitted%20infections%20%28STI%29%29%20associated%20with%20FSI%20among%20youth%20aged%2013%5Cu201324%20years%20in%20three%20countries%20in%20sub-Saharan%20Africa.%5CnResults%5CnOver%20one%20in%20ten%20youth%20aged%2013%5Cu201324%20years%20who%20had%20ever%20had%20sex%20experienced%20FSI%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20Uganda%2C%20and%20Zambia.%20In%20multivariable%20logistic%20regression%2C%20FSI%20was%20significantly%20associated%20with%20infrequent%20condom%20use%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f1.4%2C%2095%25CI%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f1.1%5Cu20132.1%29%2C%20recent%20experiences%20of%20sexual%20violence%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f1.6%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.1%5Cu20132.3%29%2C%20physical%20violence%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f2.2%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.6%5Cu20133.0%29%2C%20and%20emotional%20violence%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f2.0%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.3%5Cu20132.9%29%2C%20moderate%5C%2Fserious%20mental%20distress%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f1.5%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.1%5Cu20132.0%29%2C%20hurting%20oneself%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f2.0%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.3%5Cu20133.1%29%2C%20and%20thoughts%20of%20suicide%20%28OR%5Cu202f%3D%5Cu202f1.5%2C%2095%25CI%3A%201.1%5Cu20132.3%29%2C%20after%20controlling%20for%20demographic%20characteristics.%20FSI%20was%20not%20statistically%20associated%20with%20engaging%20in%20transactional%20sex%2C%20having%20multiple%20sex%20partners%2C%20or%20having%20a%20STI.%5CnConclusion%5CnFSI%20is%20associated%20with%20infrequent%20condom%20use%2C%20recent%20experiences%20of%20violence%20and%20mental%20health%20outcomes%20among%20youth%20in%20sub-Saharan%20Africa%2C%20which%20may%20increase%20the%20risk%20for%20HIV%20and%20other%20consequences.%20Developing%20strategies%20for%20prevention%20is%20important%20for%20reducing%20the%20prevalence%20of%20FSI%20and%20its%20effects%20on%20children%20and%20youth.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019-10-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.chiabu.2019.104074%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220145-2134%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%5C%2Fscience%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0145213419302510%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%2C%22DG26ITVM%22%2C%22RH29KUGJ%22%2C%22SWE8BR2S%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-09-12T10%3A53%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IQBN8WZJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Fawole%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EFawole%2C%20O.%20I.%2C%20van%20Wyk%2C%20J.%20M.%2C%20Balogun%2C%20B.%20O.%2C%20Akinsola%2C%20O.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Adejimi%2C%20A.%20%282019%29.%20Preparing%20medical%20students%20to%20recognize%20and%20respond%20to%20gender%20based%20violence%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EAfrican%20Health%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E19%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%201486%26%23x2013%3B1498.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4314%5C%2Fahs.v19i1.22%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4314%5C%2Fahs.v19i1.22%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Preparing%20medical%20students%20to%20recognize%20and%20respond%20to%20gender%20based%20violence%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olufunmilayo%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jacqueline%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22van%20Wyk%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Busola%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Balogun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Akinsola%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adebola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adejimi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Medical%20practitioners%20are%20ideally%20positioned%20to%20mitigate%20the%20impact%20of%20gender%20based%20violence%20%28GBV%29%20on%20the%20health%20of%20victims.%20However%2C%20there%20is%20a%20lack%20of%20information%20on%20students%27%20ability%20and%20willingness%20to%20do%20so.%5CnOBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20identify%20factors%20which%20impact%20on%20students%27%20attainment%20of%20the%20knowledge%20and%20perceived%20ability%20to%20manage%20victims.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20cross-sectional%20survey%20was%20conducted%20on%20388%20%2891.5%25%29%20final%20year%20medical%20students%20from%20three%20medical%20schools%20in%20South%20West%2C%20Nigeria.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Students%20were%20knowledgeable%20on%20sexual%20%2863.7%25%29%20and%20physical%20%2854.6%25%29%20forms%20of%20GBV%20and%20unfamiliar%20with%20other%20forms.%20The%20mean%20scores%20for%20knowledge%20%287.1%20%5Cu00b1%202.5%20out%20of%2011%29%3B%20attitude%20%2852.6%20%5Cu00b1%2010.3%20out%20of%2080%29%3B%20personal%20comfort%20%2844.1%20%5Cu00b1%2010.0%20out%20of%2065%29%20and%20skills%20%283.1%20%5Cu00b1%202.6%20out%20of%207%29%20were%20calculated.%20Younger%20respondents%2C%20females%20and%20married%20students%20reported%20less%20skill%20to%20manage%20victims.%20The%20location%20of%20school%2C%20previous%20training%20and%20personal%20comfort%20remained%20significant%20determinants%20of%20students%27%20self%20reported%20skills%20on%20GBV.%20Respondents%20with%20prior%20training%20on%20GBV%20and%20comfortable%20with%20managing%20patients%2C%20were%20four%20times%20more%20likely%20to%20perceive%20they%20were%20more%20skilled%20than%20their%20peers%20%5BAOR%20%3D%204.33%2C%2095%25%20CI%3A%202.37%20-%207.90%20and%20AOR%203.53%3B%2095%25%20CI%202.16-5.78%20respectively%5D.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20Formalised%20skills%20training%20on%20GBV%20is%20a%20necessity%2C%20especially%20for%20young%2C%20female%20students%20and%20training%20cannot%20be%20left%20to%20serendipity.%20The%20medical%20curriculum%20should%20be%20reviewed.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019-03%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4314%5C%2Fahs.v19i1.22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221729-0503%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2F31148976%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A47%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22M2I3CRGG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ezeudu%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EEzeudu%2C%20C.%20C.%2C%20Akpa%2C%20O.%2C%20Waziri%2C%20N.%20E.%2C%20Oladimeji%2C%20A.%2C%20Adedire%2C%20E.%2C%20Saude%2C%20I.%2C%20Nguku%2C%20P.%2C%20Nsubuga%2C%20P.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Fawole%2C%20O.%20I.%20%282019%29.%20Prevalence%20and%20correlates%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%2C%20before%20and%20during%20pregnancy%20among%20attendees%20of%20maternal%20and%20child%20health%20services%2C%20Enugu%2C%20Nigeria%3A%20mixed%20method%20approach%2C%20January%202015.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Pan%20African%20Medical%20Journal%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E32%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%28Suppl%201%29%2C%2014.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.11604%5C%2Fpamj.supp.2019.32.1.13287%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.11604%5C%2Fpamj.supp.2019.32.1.13287%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevalence%20and%20correlates%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%2C%20before%20and%20during%20pregnancy%20among%20attendees%20of%20maternal%20and%20child%20health%20services%2C%20Enugu%2C%20Nigeria%3A%20mixed%20method%20approach%2C%20January%202015%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Charity%20Chinyere%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ezeudu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Onoja%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Akpa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ndadilnasiya%20Endie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Waziri%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abisola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oladimeji%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adedire%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ibrahim%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Saude%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Patrick%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nguku%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Peter%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nsubuga%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olufunmilayo%20Ibitola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22INTRODUCTION%3A%20Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20%28IPV%29%20is%20an%20under-reported%20public%20health%20problem.%20This%20study%20determined%20the%20prevalence%20of%20IPV%20and%20types%20of%20IPV%2C%20complications%20and%20factors%20associated%20with%20IPV%20among%20women%20accessing%20health%20services.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20we%20conducted%20a%20cross-sectional%20survey%20of%20702%20women%20accessing%20maternal%20and%20child%20health%20services%20in%20Enugu%20State%2C%20Nigeria%20using%20multi-stage%20sampling%20technique.%20Quantitative%20data%20was%20collected%20using%20semi-structured%20questionnaire%2C%20qualitative%20data%20by%20key%20informant%20interview%20%28KII%29.%20We%20analysed%20data%20using%20descriptive%20statistics%2C%20bivariate%20and%20multivariate%20logistic%20regression%20analysis.%20The%20level%20of%20statistical%20significance%20was%20set%20at%20p-value%20%3C%200.05.%20Qualitative%20data%20was%20analysed%20using%20thematic%20content%20analysis.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20mean%20age%20of%20respondents%20was%2027.71%20%5Cu00b1%205.14%20years%20and%20654%20%2893.2%25%29%20were%20married.%20Prevalence%20of%20IPV%2C%20a%20year%20before%20last%20pregnancy%2C%20was%20307%20%2843.7%25%29%20and%20during%20last%20pregnancy%20was%20261%20%2837.2%25%29.%20Frequent%20involvement%20in%20physical%20fights%20with%20other%20men%2C%20controlling%20behaviour%20and%20younger%20aged%20partners%20%28%3C%2040%20years%29%20were%20independent%20predictors%20of%20IPV%20experience%20both%20before%20and%20during%20pregnancy.%20Independent%20predictors%20of%20IPV%20experience%20before%20and%20during%20pregnancy%20were%20younger%20aged%20partners%20%28%3C%2040%20years%29.%20%5BAdjusted%20Odds%20Ratio%20AOR%201.72%3B%2095%25%20confidence%20interval%20%28CI%29%20%3D%201.17%2C%202.53%5D%2C%20partner%20having%20controlling%20behaviour%20AOR%202.24%3B%2095%25%20C.I%3D1.51-3.32%29%20and%20Partner%27s%20frequent%20involvement%20in%20physical%20fights%20%28AOR%202.29%3B%2095%25%20C.I%20%3D%201.43-3.66%29.%20Having%20a%20male%20child%20and%20married%5C%2Fcohabiting%20were%20protective%20against%20violence.%20KII%20revealed%20poverty%2C%20lack%20of%20education%20and%20infidelity%20as%20common%20triggers%20of%20IPV.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20the%20prevalence%20of%20IPV%20and%20types%20of%20IPV%20was%20high%20and%20the%20predisposing%20factors%20of%20IPV%20in%20Enugu%20were%20multifactorial.%20Couple%20counselling%20sessions%20that%20focus%20on%20non-violence%20conflict%20resolution%20techniques%20is%20crucial%20to%20end%20IPV.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.11604%5C%2Fpamj.supp.2019.32.1.13287%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221937-8688%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2F30949288%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A48%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22S6Q7U9E8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Benebo%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-08-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBenebo%2C%20F.%20O.%2C%20Schumann%2C%20B.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Vaezghasemi%2C%20M.%20%282018%29.%20Intimate%20partner%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Nigeria%3A%20a%20multilevel%20study%20investigating%20the%20effect%20of%20women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20status%20and%20community%20norms.%20%3Ci%3EBMC%20Women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E18%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20136.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-018-0628-7%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-018-0628-7%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Intimate%20partner%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Nigeria%3A%20a%20multilevel%20study%20investigating%20the%20effect%20of%20women%5Cu2019s%20status%20and%20community%20norms%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Faith%20Owunari%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Benebo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Barbara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schumann%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Masoud%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Vaezghasemi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20against%20women%20has%20been%20recognised%20as%20a%20public%20health%20problem%20with%20far-reaching%20consequences%20for%20the%20physical%2C%20reproductive%2C%20and%20mental%20health%20of%20women.%20The%20ecological%20framework%20portrays%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20as%20a%20multifaceted%20phenomenon%2C%20demonstrating%20the%20interplay%20of%20factors%20at%20different%20levels%3A%20individual%2C%20community%2C%20and%20the%20larger%20society.%20The%20present%20study%20examined%20the%20effect%20of%20individual-%20and%20community-level%20factors%20on%20IPV%20in%20Nigeria%2C%20with%20a%20focus%20on%20women%5Cu2019s%20status%20and%20community-level%20norms%20among%20men.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018-08-09%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs12905-018-0628-7%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221472-6874%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12905-018-0628-7%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A48%3A50Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22477PWFKZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Caroline%20Pinder%20and%2028%20Too%20many%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ECaroline%20Pinder%2C%20%26amp%3B%2028%20Too%20many.%20%282018%29.%20%3Ci%3ENigeria%3A%20The%20law%20and%20FGM.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20Thomson%20Reuters%20Foundation.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.refworld.org%5C%2Fpdfid%5C%2F5b3497357.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.refworld.org%5C%2Fpdfid%5C%2F5b3497357.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nigeria%3A%20The%20law%20and%20FGM.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Caroline%20Pinder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%2228%20Too%20many%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22Thomson%20Reuters%20Foundation%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22June%202018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.refworld.org%5C%2Fpdfid%5C%2F5b3497357.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T09%3A46%3A02Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22AZBQIR3H%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Solanke%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESolanke%2C%20B.%20L.%20%282018%29.%20Does%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20increase%20women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20risk%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%3F%20Evidence%20from%20Nigeria%20demographic%20and%20health%20survey.%20%3Ci%3EBMC%20International%20Health%20and%20Human%20Rights%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E18%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20e1.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12914-018-0143-9%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2Fs12914-018-0143-9%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Does%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20increase%20women%27s%20risk%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%3F%20Evidence%20from%20Nigeria%20demographic%20and%20health%20survey%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bola%20Lukman%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Solanke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20%28EIPV%29%20has%20been%20identified%20as%20a%20risk%20factor%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29.%20However%2C%20studies%20in%20Nigeria%20have%20rarely%20and%20specifically%20examined%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20as%20a%20predictor%20of%20IPV.%20The%20objective%20of%20the%20study%20was%20to%20examine%20the%20relationship%20between%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20and%20women%27s%20experience%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EMETHODS%3A%20The%202013%20Nigeria%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Survey%20%28NDHS%29%20women%20recode%20dataset%20was%20analysed.%20The%20weighted%20sample%20size%20was%2019%2C925%20women%20aged%2015-49%5Cu00a0years.%20The%20outcome%20variable%20was%20women%27s%20experience%20of%20at%20least%20one%20type%20of%20IPV%20measured%20by%20combining%20partner%20physical%2C%20sexual%20and%20emotional%20violence%20experienced%20by%20the%20surveyed%20women.%20The%20main%20explanatory%20variable%20was%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20measured%20by%20response%20to%20question%20on%20whether%20a%20woman%20witnessed%20her%20father%20ever%20beat%20her%20mother.%20Individual%5C%2Frelationship%20and%20community%20characteristics%20were%20selected%20for%20statistical%20control%20in%20the%20study.%20The%20multilevel%20mixed-effect%20regression%20was%20applied%20in%20three%20models%20using%20Stata%20version%2012.%20Model%201%20was%20based%20solely%20on%20interparental%20violence%2C%20while%20individual%5C%2Frelationship%20factors%20were%20included%20in%20Model%202.%20In%20Model%203%2C%20all%20research%20variables%20were%20included.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ERESULTS%3A%20The%20study%20revealed%20that%20less%20than%20one-tenth%20of%20the%20women%20witnessed%20interparental%20violence%2C%20and%20women%20exposed%20to%20interparental%20violence%20compared%20with%20non%20exposed%20women%20had%20higher%20prevalence%20of%20all%20forms%20of%20IPV.%20In%20Model%201%2C%20women%20exposed%20to%20interparental%20violence%20were%20more%20than%20five%20times%20as%20likely%20as%20non%20exposed%20women%20to%20experience%20IPV%20%28OR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20095.356%3B%20CI%3A%203.371-8.509%29.%20In%20Model%202%2C%20women%20exposed%20to%20interparental%20violence%20were%20nearly%20five%20times%20as%20likely%20as%20non%20exposed%20women%20to%20experience%20IPV%20%28OR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20094.489%3B%20CI%3A%203.047-6.607%29.%20In%20Model%203%2C%20women%20exposed%20to%20interparental%20violence%20were%20four%20times%20as%20likely%20as%20non%20exposed%20women%20to%20experience%20IPV%20%28OR%5Cu2009%3D%5Cu20094.018%3B%20CI%3A%202.626-6.147%29.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ECONCLUSION%3A%20The%20study%20provided%20additional%20evidence%20that%20exposure%20to%20interparental%20violence%20increase%20women%27s%20risk%20of%20IPV%20in%20Nigeria.%20Reducing%20future%20prevalence%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20may%20require%20social%20and%20behaviour%20change%20communication%20%28SBCC%29%20that%20not%20only%20change%20perception%20of%20children%20who%20witnessed%20interparental%20violence%2C%20but%20also%20help%20them%20to%20overcome%20intergenerational%20effects%20of%20interparental%20aggression.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2Fs12914-018-0143-9%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_571097_24%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A50%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DIGSZS7X%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Sunmola%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESunmola%2C%20A.%20M.%2C%20Mayungbo%2C%20O.%20A.%2C%20Fayehun%2C%20O.%20A.%2C%20Opayemi%2C%20R.%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Morakinyo%2C%20L.%20A.%20%282018%29.%20Is%20women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20another%20opportunity%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20Nigeria%3F%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Interpersonal%20Violence%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3EePub%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%28ePub%29%2C%20886260518779071.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0886260518779071%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0886260518779071%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Is%20women%27s%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20another%20opportunity%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20Nigeria%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adegbenga%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sunmola%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olusegun%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mayungbo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olufunke%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fayehun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Remi%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Opayemi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Luqman%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Morakinyo%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Husband%27s%20controlling%20and%20domineering%20attitudes%20have%20been%20shown%20to%20contribute%20to%20women%27s%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20experience%20in%20Nigeria.%20Some%20scholars%20have%20suggested%20that%20women%27s%20safer%20sex%20negotiation%20may%20create%20additional%20opportunity%20for%20incurring%20partner%20violence.%20The%20purpose%20of%20the%20current%20study%20was%20to%20test%20the%20possibility%20that%20married%20women%27s%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20would%20contribute%20significant%20additional%20proportions%20of%20the%20variance%20in%20their%20experience%20of%20physical%2C%20sexual%2C%20and%20emotional%20violence.%20Using%20nationally%20representative%20data%20from%20a%20sample%20of%20married%20women%20in%20Nigeria%20%28%20N%20%3D%2019%2C360%29%2C%20three%20separate%20hierarchical%20regression%20analyses%20were%20performed%20to%20examine%20the%20contributions%20of%20husband%27s%20controlling%20and%20domineering%20attitudes%20and%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20to%20the%20three%20types%20of%20violence%20experience.%20Regression%20analyses%20revealed%20that%20women%20whose%20husbands%20endorsed%20more%20controlling%20and%20domineering%20attitudes%20experienced%20more%20physical%2C%20sexual%2C%20and%20emotional%20violence.%20Furthermore%2C%20women%20with%20higher%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20experienced%20more%20of%20all%20the%20forms%20of%20violence.%20After%20accounting%20for%20the%20influence%20of%20husband%27s%20controlling%20and%20domineering%20attitudes%2C%20regression%20analyses%20revealed%20that%20women%27s%20tendency%20to%20negotiate%20safer%20sex%20accounted%20for%20significant%20additional%20contributions%20of%20the%20variance%20in%20physical%2C%20sexual%2C%20and%20emotional%20violence%20experience.%20The%20additional%20contributions%20suggest%20that%20specific%20interventions%20may%20be%20needed%20for%20improving%20women%27s%20negotiation%20skills%20to%20reduce%20husband%20perpetrated%20violence%20risk.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F0886260518779071%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220886-2605%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_585766_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A49%3A23Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HMDISV6N%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Gage%20and%20Thomas%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EGage%2C%20A.%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Thomas%2C%20N.%20J.%20%282017%29.%20Women%26%23x2019%3Bs%20work%2C%20gender%20roles%2C%20and%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EArchives%20of%20Sexual%20Behavior%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E46%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%287%29%2C%201923%26%23x2013%3B1938.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10508-017-1023-4%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs10508-017-1023-4%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Women%27s%20work%2C%20gender%20roles%2C%20and%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anastasia%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gage%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicholas%20J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20purpose%20of%20this%20study%20was%20to%20determine%20the%20contribution%20of%20women%27s%20labor%20force%20participation%20to%20the%20risk%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20victimization%20in%20the%20past%2012%5Cu00a0months%2C%20using%20data%20for%2020%2C635%20currently%20married%20women%20aged%2015-49%5Cu00a0years%20from%20the%202013%20nationally%20representative%20Nigeria%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Survey.%20Multilevel%20logistic%20regression%20models%20of%20sexual%20and%20physical%20IPV%2C%20with%20interactions%20between%20women%27s%20work%20and%20social%20norms%20regarding%20traditional%20gender%20roles%2C%20were%20developed.%20Approximately%2023%25%20of%20women%20aged%2015-49%5Cu00a0years%20reported%20IPV%20victimization%20in%20the%20past%2012%5Cu00a0months.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ERESULTS%20revealed%20that%20non-cash%20work%20relative%20to%20unemployment%20was%20positively%20associated%20with%20both%20forms%20of%20IPV%20victimization%2C%20after%20controlling%20for%20other%20factors.%20Women%27s%20engagement%20in%20cash%20work%20was%20positively%20correlated%20with%20sexual%20IPV.%20The%20positive%20association%20between%20cash%20work%20and%20physical%20IPV%20victimization%20was%20significantly%20larger%20for%20women%20who%20resided%20in%20localities%20with%20greater%20male%20approval%20of%20wife%20beating.%20In%20localities%20where%20husband-dominated%20decision%20making%20was%20more%20common%2C%20a%20spousal%20education%20gap%20that%20favored%20husbands%20was%20more%20positively%20associated%20with%20sexual%20IPV.%20The%20findings%20call%20for%20integrated%20IPV%20prevention%20and%20economic%20empowerment%20programs%20that%20consider%20gender%20norms%20and%20gender-role%20beliefs%20and%20are%20adapted%20to%20the%20locality%20setting%2C%20in%20order%20to%20promote%20social%20environments%20in%20which%20women%20can%20reap%20the%20full%20benefits%20of%20their%20economic%20empowerment.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs10508-017-1023-4%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220004-0002%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_554954_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A04%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GMUKWICQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Afe%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAfe%2C%20T.%20O.%2C%20Emedoh%2C%20T.%20C.%2C%20Ogunsemi%2C%20O.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Adegohun%2C%20A.%20A.%20%282017%29.%20Socio-demographic%20characteristics%2C%20partner%20characteristics%2C%20socioeconomic%20variables%2C%20and%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20women%20with%20schizophrenia%20in%20south-south%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Health%20Care%20for%20the%20Poor%20and%20Underserved%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E28%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20707%26%23x2013%3B720.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1353%5C%2Fhpu.2017.0069%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1353%5C%2Fhpu.2017.0069%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Socio-demographic%20characteristics%2C%20partner%20characteristics%2C%20socioeconomic%20variables%2C%20and%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20women%20with%20schizophrenia%20in%20south-south%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Taiwo%20Opekitan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Afe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Emedoh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olawale%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ogunsemi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abosede%20Adekeje%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adegohun%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20is%20common%20among%20patients%20with%20severe%20mental%20illness%20such%20as%20schizophrenia.%20Few%20surveys%20have%20explored%20IPV%20among%20this%20specific%20group%20of%20patients%20and%20the%20demographic%20characteristics%20of%20victims%20in%20Nigeria.%20The%20aim%20of%20this%20survey%20was%20to%20explore%20socio-demographic%2C%20socioeconomic%20characteristics%20of%20victims%20and%20partners.%20A%20cross-sectional%20randomized%20survey%20of%2079%20women%20with%20schizophrenia%20from%20a%20major%20adult%20psychiatric%20outpatient%20in%20South-south%20Nigeria%20was%20done.%20The%20Structured%20Clinical%20Interview%20for%20DSM-IV%20%28SCID%29%20was%20used%20to%20establish%20the%20diagnosis%20of%20schizophrenia%20among%20the%20participants%20and%20a%20purposely%20designed%20questionnaire%20to%20assess%20IPV.%20The%20mean%20age%20of%20the%20participants%20was%2038.3%20%5Cu00b1%202.8%20years%3B%20the%20majority%20%2873%25%29%20reported%20at%20least%20one%20form%20of%20IPV.%20Verbal%20abuse%20was%20the%20most%20%2871%25%29%20prevalent%20form%20of%20IPV.%20Our%20findings%20highlight%20a%20need%20for%20proper%20attention%20to%20demographics%20of%20both%20victims%20and%20their%20male%20partners%20by%20clinicians.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1353%5C%2Fhpu.2017.0069%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221049-2089%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_550236_13%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A54%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222TP9NMQJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Amoran%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAmoran%2C%20O.%20E.%2C%20Oni%2C%20O.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Salako%2C%20A.%20A.%20%282017%29.%20Predictors%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20among%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%20group%20in%20Sagamu%20local%20government%20area%20in%20Ogun%20State%2C%20Western%20Nigeria%3A%20a%20community-based%20study.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Clinical%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E14%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20e36.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4103%5C%2F2468-6859.199161%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4103%5C%2F2468-6859.199161%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Predictors%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20among%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%20group%20in%20Sagamu%20local%20government%20area%20in%20Ogun%20State%2C%20Western%20Nigeria%3A%20a%20community-based%20study%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olorunfemi%20Emmanuel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Amoran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olurinde%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oni%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Albert%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Salako%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22INTRODUCTION%3A%20Worldwide%2C%20it%20has%20been%20estimated%20that%20violence%20against%20women%20is%20as%20serious%20a%20cause%20of%20death%20and%20incapacity%20among%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%20as%20cancer%2C%20and%20a%20greater%20cause%20of%20ill%20health%20as%20traffic%20accidents%20and%20malaria%20combined.%20This%20study%20was%20therefore%20carried%20out%20to%20determine%20the%20prevalence%20and%20predictors%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20among%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%20group%20in%20Sagamu%20local%20government%20area%20%28SLGA%29%20of%20Ogun%20State%2C%20Nigeria.%20Settings%3A%20The%20study%20was%20conducted%20in%20SLGA%20Ogun%20State%2C%20which%20is%20located%20in%20the%20South%20Western%20part%20of%20Nigeria.%20A%20total%20of%20500%20women%20were%20interviewed%20in%20this%20study.%20One%20participant%20per%20each%20household%20was%20selected%20into%20the%20study.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EMETHODology%3A%20This%20analytical%20cross-sectional%20study%20was%20conducted%20between%20April%2022%2C%20and%20May%2013%2C%202013.%20Multistage%20sampling%20technique%20was%20used%20to%20select%20the%20participants%20into%20the%20study.%20A%20semi-structured%20questionnaire%20was%20used%20to%20collect%20relevant%20information.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ERESULTS%3A%20The%20overall%20rate%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20in%20the%20last%2012%20months%20among%20respondents%20was%2016.0%25%20and%20was%20the%20most%20common%20%2865.0%25%29%20among%20age%2025-39%20years%20%28P%20%3D%200.003%29%20and%20those%20with%20primary%20education%20%28P%20%3D%200.001%29.%20About%2012.3%25%20of%20the%20respondents%20had%20an%20abnormal%20General%20Health%20Questionnaire%20%28GHQ%29.%20Those%20who%20had%20abnormal%20GHQ%20were%20strongly%20statistically%20associated%20with%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28P%20%3D%200.0001%29.%20Strain%20relationship%20%28odds%20ratio%20%5BOR%5D%20%3D3.7%2C%20confidence%20interval%20%5BCI%5D%20%3D1.74-7.87%29%2C%20thinking%20that%20violence%20is%20acceptable%20%28OR%20%3D%201.96%2C%20CI%20%3D%201.24-3.09%29%20were%20predisposing%20factors%20for%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20while%20being%20mentally%20healthy%20%28OR%20%3D%200.51%2C%20CI%20%3D%200.34-0.75%29%20reduce%20the%20occurrence%20of%20violence%20by%20half%20after%20controlling%20for%20the%20effect%20of%20confounders.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ECONCLUSION%3A%20This%20study%20suggests%20that%20women%20education%20and%20healthy%20mental%20health%20is%20essential%20to%20the%20reduction%20of%20violence%20among%20intimate%20partners.%20Resolving%20it%20requires%20the%20provision%20of%20counseling%20services%20by%20educational%20and%20mental%20health%20sectors%20working%20together%20at%20the%20community%2C%20national%20and%20international%20levels.%20%20%5Cn%20%5CnKeywords%3A%20Intimate%20partner%20violence%2C%20Nigeria%2C%20predictors%2C%20Sagamu%20local%20government%20area%2C%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4103%5C%2F2468-6859.199161%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222468-6859%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_553679_37%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A52%3A14Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226K892NBQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Human%20Rights%20Watch%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EHuman%20Rights%20Watch.%20%282016%29.%20%3Ci%3E%26%23x201C%3BTell%20me%20where%20I%20can%20be%20safe%26%23x201D%3B%20The%20impact%20of%20Nigeria%26%23x2019%3Bs%20same%20sex%20marriage%20%28prohibition%29%20act.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20Human%20Rights%20Watch.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hrw.org%5C%2Fsites%5C%2Fdefault%5C%2Ffiles%5C%2Freport_pdf%5C%2Fnigeria1016_web.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hrw.org%5C%2Fsites%5C%2Fdefault%5C%2Ffiles%5C%2Freport_pdf%5C%2Fnigeria1016_web.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22%5Cu201cTell%20me%20where%20I%20can%20be%20safe%5Cu201d%20The%20impact%20of%20Nigeria%5Cu2019s%20same%20sex%20marriage%20%28prohibition%29%20act.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Human%20Rights%20Watch%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22Human%20Rights%20Watch%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22OCTOBER%202016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.hrw.org%5C%2Fsites%5C%2Fdefault%5C%2Ffiles%5C%2Freport_pdf%5C%2Fnigeria1016_web.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T09%3A52%3A15Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DDQXCFD5%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%2228%20Too%20Many%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3E28%20Too%20Many.%20%282016%29.%20%3Ci%3ECountry%20profile%3A%20FGM%20in%20Nigeria.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2028%20Too%20Many.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.28toomany.org%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FCountry%2520Research%2520and%2520Resources%5C%2FNigeria%5C%2Fnigeria_country_profile_v2_%28november_2017%29.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.28toomany.org%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FCountry%2520Research%2520and%2520Resources%5C%2FNigeria%5C%2Fnigeria_country_profile_v2_%28november_2017%29.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Country%20profile%3A%20FGM%20in%20Nigeria.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%2228%20Too%20Many%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%2228%20Too%20Many%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%202016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.28toomany.org%5C%2Fmedia%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FCountry%2520Research%2520and%2520Resources%5C%2FNigeria%5C%2Fnigeria_country_profile_v2_%28november_2017%29.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T09%3A49%3A05Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22G8RJXP53%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Olumide%20and%20Ojengbede%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016-06-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOlumide%2C%20A.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ojengbede%2C%20O.%20A.%20%282016%29.%20The%20media%20as%20a%20critical%20determinant%20of%20the%20sexual%20and%20reproductive%20health%20of%20adolescents%20in%20Ibadan%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3ESexual%20%26amp%3B%20Reproductive%20Healthcare%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E8%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%2063%26%23x2013%3B74.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.srhc.2016.02.006%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.srhc.2016.02.006%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20media%20as%20a%20critical%20determinant%20of%20the%20sexual%20and%20reproductive%20health%20of%20adolescents%20in%20Ibadan%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adesola%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olumide%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Oladosu%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ojengbede%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Purpose%5CnFindings%20on%20the%20influences%20of%20the%20media%20on%20the%20sexual%20health%20of%20adolescents%20in%20vulnerable%20communities%20in%20Ibadan%20are%20presented.%5CnMethods%5CnPhase%20I%20of%20the%20WAVE%20study%20in%20Ibadan%20was%20conducted%20among%20participants%20purposively%20selected%20from%20disadvantaged%20communities%20in%20Ibadan%20North%20Local%20Government%20Area%20%28LGA%29.%20Qualitative%20research%20methods%20%28key%20informant%20interviews%2C%20in-depth%20interviews%2C%20community%20mapping%20and%20focus%20group%20discussions%20as%20well%20as%20photovoice%20sessions%29%20were%20utilized.%5CnResults%5CnA%20total%20of%20132%20key%20informants%20and%20adolescents%20%28aged%2015%5Cu201319%20years%29%20participated.%20The%20key%20informants%20were%20teachers%2C%20youth%20workers%2C%20and%20religious%20leaders%20working%20with%20adolescents%20within%20the%20LGA.%20Respondents%20mentioned%20a%20number%20of%20media%20technologies%20%28such%20as%20television%2C%20cellphones%2C%20computers%2C%20the%20Internet%20as%20well%20as%20online%20and%20hard%20copy%20novels%29%20that%20adolescents%20are%20exposed%20to%20in%20contemporary%20times.%20They%20said%20these%20had%20positive%20and%20negative%20influences%20on%20them.%20Adolescents%20often%20looked%20up%20information%20on%20the%20Internet%20although%20it%20was%20mostly%20used%20as%20a%20means%20of%20meeting%20and%20communicating%20with%20friends.%20Respondents%20stated%20that%20the%20media%20had%20a%20strong%20influence%20on%20adolescents%27%20sexual%20and%20reproductive%20health%20especially%20regarding%20dating%2C%20relationships%2C%20and%20sexual%20practices.%20It%20also%20exposed%20them%20to%20pornography%20and%20Internet%20fraud.%5CnConclusions%5CnThe%20study%20highlighted%20the%20important%20role%20the%20media%20plays%20in%20the%20sexual%20health%20of%20adolescents%20in%20Ibadan.%20Intervention%20programmes%20need%20to%20make%20use%20of%20this%20medium%20to%20reach%20out%20to%20more%20adolescents%20and%20measures%20should%20be%20instituted%20to%20prevent%20adolescents%20from%20misusing%20the%20media.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016-06-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.srhc.2016.02.006%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221877-5756%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%5C%2Fscience%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS1877575616000240%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A12%3A11Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2238KMHFKV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ogunfowokan%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOgunfowokan%2C%20A.%20A.%2C%20Olagunju%2C%20O.%20E.%2C%20Olajubu%2C%20A.%20O.%2C%20Faremi%2C%20F.%20A.%2C%20Oloyede%2C%20A.%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sharps%2C%20P.%20W.%20%282016%29.%20Correlates%20of%20Self-Report%20of%20Rape%20Among%20Male%20School%20Adolescents%20in%20Ile-Ife%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Interpersonal%20Violence%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E31%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20555%26%23x2013%3B571.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0886260514556104%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0886260514556104%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Correlates%20of%20Self-Report%20of%20Rape%20Among%20Male%20School%20Adolescents%20in%20Ile-Ife%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adesola%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ogunfowokan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Oluwayemisi%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olagunju%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aanuoluwapo%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olajubu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Funmilola%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Faremi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ajoke%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oloyede%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phyllis%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sharps%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20study%20examined%20male%20adolescents%5Cu2019%20self-report%20of%20rape%20of%20adolescent%20girls%20and%20the%20socio-demographic%20variables%20that%20correlated%20with%20self-report%20of%20rape.%20Descriptive-correlational%20design%20was%20used%20and%20the%20study%20was%20conducted%20in%20five%20public%20senior%20secondary%20schools%20in%20Ile-Ife%2C%20Nigeria.%20Three%20hundred%20and%20thirty-eight%20male%20adolescents%20participated%20in%20the%20study.%20A%20structured%20questionnaire%20was%20used%20to%20collect%20data.%20Findings%20from%20the%20study%20revealed%20the%20mean%20age%20of%20the%20adolescent%20males%20to%20be%2016%20years%2C%20with%20the%20majority%20%2873%25%29%20of%20them%20in%20the%20middle%20adolescent%20stage.%20Six%20percent%20of%20the%20adolescent%20males%20reported%20they%20had%20raped%20an%20adolescent%20girl%20in%20the%20past.%20Among%20the%20boys%20who%20reported%20rape%2C%2055%25%20reported%20they%20had%20raped%20their%20sexual%20partners%2C%20and%2055%25%20reported%20they%20had%20perpetrated%20gang%20rape.%20Smoking%20%28%20p%20%3D%20.0001%29%2C%20alcohol%20consumption%20%28%20p%20%3D%20.001%29%2C%20and%20birth%20order%20%28%20p%20%3D%20.006%29%20predicted%20self-report%20of%20rape.%20The%20coefficient%20of%20birth%20order%20showed%20that%20odds%20of%20self-report%20of%20rape%20by%20first-born%20male%20increases%20by%206%20times%20compared%20with%20other%20children.%20Study%20findings%20also%20provided%20evidence%20that%20adolescent%20males%20are%20moving%20from%20lone%20rape%20to%20gang%20rape%20in%20intimate%20partner%20relationships.%20Male%20adolescents%20are%20important%20group%20to%20target%20in%20rape%20prevention%20programs.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2202%5C%2F2016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F0886260514556104%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220886-2605%2C%201552-6518%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0886260514556104%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A13%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DT52BZXZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Hassan%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EHassan%2C%20M.%2C%20Awosan%2C%20K.%20J.%2C%20Panti%2C%20A.%20A.%2C%20Nasir%2C%20S.%2C%20Tunau%2C%20K.%2C%20Umar%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Shehu%2C%20C.%20E.%2C%20Ukwu%2C%20A.%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sulaiman%2C%20B.%20%282016%29.%20Prevalence%20and%20pattern%20of%20sexual%20assault%20in%20Usmanu%20Danfodiyo%20University%20Teaching%20Hospital%2C%20Sokoto%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EPan%20African%20Medical%20Journal%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E24%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20e332.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.11604%5C%2Fpamj.2016.24.332.9462%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.11604%5C%2Fpamj.2016.24.332.9462%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevalence%20and%20pattern%20of%20sexual%20assault%20in%20Usmanu%20Danfodiyo%20University%20Teaching%20Hospital%2C%20Sokoto%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mairo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hassan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kehinde%20Joseph%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Awosan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Abubakar%20Abubakar%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Panti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sadiya%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Nasir%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karima%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Tunau%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amina%20Gambo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Umar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Constance%20Egondu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shehu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aeron%20Eze%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ukwu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bilal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sulaiman%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22INTRODUCTION%3A%20Sexual%20violence%20is%20an%20important%20public%20health%20problem%20of%20growing%20concern%20all%20over%20the%20world.%20This%20study%20was%20conducted%20to%20determine%20the%20prevalence%20and%20pattern%20of%20sexual%20assault%20managed%20in%20Usmanu%20Danfodiyo%20University%20Teaching%20Hospital%20Sokoto%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EMETHODS%3A%20It%20was%20a%20retrospective%20study%20that%20looked%20into%20cases%20of%20sexual%20assault%20admitted%20into%20the%20hospital%20between%20January%202010%20and%20December%202014.%20Information%20on%20patients%27%20biodata%2C%20and%20relevant%20details%20on%20the%20cases%20were%20extracted%20from%20the%20patients%27%20case%20files%20and%20analyzed.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ERESULTS%3A%20Out%20of%20the%205317%20gynecological%20admissions%20during%20the%20period%20under%20study%2C%2045%20%280.84%25%29%20were%20cases%20of%20sexual%20assault.%20Of%20these%2C%20only%2034%20case%20files%20were%20available%20for%20data%20extraction.%20The%20patients%27%20ages%20ranged%20from%202%20to%2037%20years%20%28mean%20%3D%2012.6%20%2B%208.3%29.%20About%20two%20thirds%20%2861.8%25%29%20of%20those%20affected%20were%20young%20children%20%28aged%2012%20years%20and%20below%29.%20In%20majority%20of%20cases%20%2870.6%25%29%20the%20assault%20was%20penetrative%2C%20and%20in%20most%20of%20the%20cases%20%2891.2%25%29%20only%20a%20single%20assailant%20was%20involved.%20In%20close%20to%20two%20thirds%20of%20cases%2C%20the%20assailant%20was%20either%20an%20acquaintance%20%2838.2%25%29%20or%20a%20family%20member%20%2820.6%25%29.%20Although%20law%20enforcement%20agents%20were%20informed%20in%20majority%20%2858.8%25%29%20of%20cases%2C%20arrests%20were%20made%20in%20less%20than%20half%20%2841.2%25%29.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ECONCLUSION%3A%20Although%20the%20prevalence%20of%20sexual%20assault%20in%20this%20study%20appears%20to%20be%20low%2C%20a%20major%20cause%20for%20concern%20is%20the%20fact%20that%20those%20affected%20were%20predominantly%20young%20children.%20Parents%20should%20be%20more%20vigilant%20in%20monitoring%20their%20children%27s%20movement%2C%20and%20stringent%20laws%20should%20be%20enacted%20and%20enforced%20to%20curb%20this%20heinous%20act.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.11604%5C%2Fpamj.2016.24.332.9462%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221937-8688%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_542190_8%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A05%3A14Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MUG6JP3I%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Adeniran%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAdeniran%2C%20A.%20S.%2C%20Fawole%2C%20A.%20A.%2C%20Balogun%2C%20O.%20R.%2C%20Ijaiya%2C%20M.%20A.%2C%20Adesina%2C%20K.%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Adeniran%2C%20I.%20P.%20%282015%29.%20Female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%3A%20Knowledge%2C%20practice%20and%20experiences%20of%20secondary%20schoolteachers%20in%20North%20Central%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3ESouth%20African%20Journal%20of%20Obstetrics%20and%20Gynaecology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E21%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%2039%26%23x2013%3B43.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsajog%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F129871%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsajog%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F129871%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%3A%20Knowledge%2C%20practice%20and%20experiences%20of%20secondary%20schoolteachers%20in%20North%20Central%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adeniran%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Balogun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ijaiya%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22K.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adesina%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22I.%20P.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adeniran%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background.%20Despite%20global%20efforts%20at%20eradicating%20female%20genital%20mutilation%5C%2Fcutting%20%28FGM%5C%2FC%29%2C%20the%20act%20continues%20to%20be%20performed%20globally.Objective.%20To%20determine%20the%20experience%20of%20schoolteachers%20about%20FGM%5C%2FC%20and%20their%20possible%20role%20in%20contributing%20to%20its%20eradication.Methods.%20A%20prospective%20cross-sectional%20survey%20involving%20secondary%20schoolteachers%20from%2018%20secondary%20schools%20in%20Ilorin%2C%20North%20Central%5Cu00a0Nigeria%2C%20was%20undertaken%20during%20October%20and%20November%202014.%20All%20consenting%20participants%20completed%20a%20self-administered%20questionnaire%5Cu00a0on%20FGM%5C%2FC.%20Statistical%20analysis%20was%20with%20SPSS%20version%2020.0%20with%20%5Cu03c72%20and%20logistic%20regression%3B%20a%20p-value%20of%20%3C0.05%20was%20considered%20significant.Results.%20There%20were%20371%20participants%20%28113%20males%20%2830.5%25%29%20and%20258%20females%20%2869.5%25%29%29.%20More%20females%20than%20males%20were%20aware%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%5Cu00a0%28205%20v.%2094%3B%20%5Cu03c72%2041.2%3B%20p%3D0.001%29%3B%20180%20women%20%2869.8%25%29%20and%2081%20men%20%2871.7%25%29%20wanted%20awareness%20and%20the%20implications%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%20to%20be%20taught%20in%5Cu00a0schools%2C%20while%2046%20women%20%2817.8%25%29%20and%2023%20men%20%2820.4%25%29%20had%20previously%20educated%20students%20about%20FGM%5C%2FC.%20Also%2C%20109%20%2842.3%25%29%20of%20the%20female%5Cu00a0teachers%20had%20been%20mutilated%20%28mean%20%28standard%20deviation%29%20age%204.76%20%284.86%29%20years%29%2C%20and%2049%20mutilations%20%2845.0%25%29%20had%20been%20performed%20by%5Cu00a0traditional%20circumcisers.%20Of%20the%20teachers%2C%2044.0%25%20of%20men%20and%2024.5%25%20of%20women%20had%20subjected%20their%20daughters%20to%20FGM%5C%2FC%20%28p%3D0.029%29%2C%20mostly%5Cu00a0for%20religious%20reasons.%20The%20men%20initiated%20the%20majority%20of%20their%20daughters%5Cu2019%20mutilations%2C%20while%20the%20mothers-in-law%20were%20the%20main%20initiators%5Cu00a0among%20the%20women%3B%2044%20%2817.0%25%29%20women%20and%2023%20%2820.4%25%29%20men%20held%20the%20opinion%20that%20females%20should%20be%20circumcised%2C%20while%20the%20majority%5Cu00a0considered%20education%20and%20legislation%20to%20be%20the%20most%20important%20interventions%20to%20encourage%20its%20eradication.%20Predictors%20of%20the%20likelihood%20to%5Cu00a0support%20discontinuation%20of%20FGM%5C%2FC%20include%20awareness%20of%20government%20policy%20about%20FGM%5C%2FC%20and%20having%20a%20mutilated%20daughter.Conclusion.%20Education%2C%20reorientation%20and%20motivation%20of%20teachers%20will%20position%20them%20as%20agents%20for%20eradicating%20FGM%5C%2FC.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222305-8862%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fsajog%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F129871%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A23%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22PQMMQ3XF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Sigbeku%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESigbeku%2C%20O.%20A.%2C%20Fawole%2C%20O.%20I.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ogunniyan%2C%20T.%20B.%20%282015%29.%20Experience%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20as%20a%20predictor%20of%20sexually%20transmitted%20infections%20among%20married%20women%20in%20nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EAnnals%20of%20Ibadan%20Postgraduate%20Medicine%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E13%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%206%26%23x2013%3B16.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_509336_28%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_509336_28%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Experience%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20as%20a%20predictor%20of%20sexually%20transmitted%20infections%20among%20married%20women%20in%20nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sigbeku%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ogunniyan%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20is%20an%20important%20public%20health%20issue%20that%20is%20associated%20with%20adverse%20sexual%20and%20reproductive%20health%20outcomes%20including%20sexually%20transmitted%20infections%20%28STIs%29.%20STIs%20have%20recently%20gained%20more%20recognition%20worldwide%20because%20they%20increase%20the%20risk%20for%20HIVinfection.%20However%2C%20there%20is%20dearth%20of%20information%20on%20the%20association%20between%20IPV%20and%20STIs%20particularly%20among%20married%20women%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EOBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20determine%20the%20association%20between%20IPV%20and%20STIs%20among%20married%20women%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EMETHOD%3A%20This%20was%20a%20secondary%20data%20analysis%20of%20the%202008%20Nigeria%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Survey%20%28NDHS%29%20dataset.%20A%20total%20of%2018%2C402%20married%20women%20aged%20between%2015%20and%2049%20years%20were%20included.%20Questions%20about%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20were%20adapted%20from%20the%20Conflict%20Tactic%20Scale%20%28CTS%29.%20Multiple%20logistic%20regression%20models%20were%20used%20to%20determine%20relationship%20between%20IPV%20and%20self-reported%20STIs.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ERESULTS%3A%20The%20prevalence%20of%20IPV%20among%20married%20women%20in%20Nigeria%20was%2029.3%25.%20Majority%20of%20the%20women%20experienced%20emotional%20violence%20%2822.1%25%29%2C%2017.3%25%20of%20the%20women%20experienced%20physical%20violence%20while%20the%20least%20experienced%20form%20of%20violence%20was%20sexual%20IPV%20%284.4%25%29.%20Majority%20%2860.1%25%29%20of%20the%20women%20experienced%20just%20one%20type%20of%20IPV%2C%2030.0%25%20two%20types%2C%209.9%25%20all%20three%20types.%20The%20prevalence%20of%20self-reported%20sexually%20transmitted%20infections%20was%207.2%25.%20Logistic%20regression%20demonstrated%20that%20after%20controlling%20for%20other%20covariates%2C%20women%20who%20experienced%20any%20form%20of%20IPV%20were%20found%20to%20be%20more%20likely%20to%20report%20STI%20than%20women%20who%20did%20not%20%5BOR%201.357%20%2895%25%20CI%201.188-1.551%29%5D.%20In%20addition%2C%20experience%20of%20physical%20and%20sexual%20IPV%20was%20significantly%20associated%20with%20history%20of%20STIs%20%5BOR%201.699%20%2895%25%20CI%201.420-2.034%29%3B%20OR%201.414%20%2895%25%20CI%201.085-1.843%29%20respectively%5D.%20Experiencing%20two%20or%20more%20types%20of%20IPV%20was%20significantly%20associated%20with%20history%20of%20STIs%20%5BOR%201.759%20%2895%25%20CI%201.446-2.139%29%3B%20OR%202.193%20%2895%25%20CI%201.636-2.941%29%20respectively%5D.%20%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3ECONCLUSION%3A%20There%20is%20a%20need%20to%20incorporate%20IPV%20screening%20and%20services%20in%20STI%20clinics.%20Also%2C%20it%20is%20important%20to%20screen%20for%20STIs%20among%20women%20who%20present%20with%20IPV%20particularly%20those%20with%20multiple%20types%20of%20violence.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222015%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221597-1627%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_509336_28%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A16%3A09Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22B3TZSV4A%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lawani%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014-05%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ELawani%2C%20L.%20O.%2C%20Onyebuchi%2C%20A.%20K.%2C%20Iyoke%2C%20C.%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Okeke%2C%20N.%20E.%20%282014%29.%20Female%20genital%20mutilation%20and%20efforts%20to%20achieve%20Millennium%20Development%20Goals%203%2C%204%2C%20and%205%20in%20southeast%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EInternational%20Journal%20of%20Gynaecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3A%20The%20Official%20Organ%20of%20the%20International%20Federation%20of%20Gynaecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E125%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20125%26%23x2013%3B128.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2013.11.008%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2013.11.008%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Female%20genital%20mutilation%20and%20efforts%20to%20achieve%20Millennium%20Development%20Goals%203%2C%204%2C%20and%205%20in%20southeast%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lucky%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lawani%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Azubuike%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onyebuchi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chukwuemeka%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Iyoke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nwabunike%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Okeke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22OBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20determine%20the%20prevalence%20of%20female%20genital%20mutilation%20%28FGM%29%2C%20the%20common%20forms%20of%20FGM%2C%20reasons%20for%20the%20practice%2C%20associated%20obstetric%20outcomes%2C%20and%20how%20these%20have%20affected%20efforts%20to%20achieve%20Millennium%20Development%20Goals%20%28MDGs%29%203%2C%204%2C%20and%205%20in%20southeast%20Nigeria.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20A%20prospective%20descriptive%20study%20of%20parturients%20in%20southeast%20Nigeria%20was%20conducted%20from%20January%20to%20December%202012.%20All%20primigravid%20women%20attending%20delivery%20services%20at%202%20health%20institutions%20during%20the%20study%20period%20were%20recruited%2C%20examined%2C%20and%20classified%20using%20the%202008%20WHO%20classification%20for%20FGM.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20The%20mean%20age%20of%20the%20516%20participants%20was%2027.24%5Cu00b14.80%20years%20and%20most%20%2866.3%25%29%20had%20undergone%20FGM.%20Type%20II%20FGM%20was%20the%20most%20common%20form%2C%20accounting%20for%2059.6%25%20of%20cases.%20Most%20FGM%20procedures%20were%20performed%20in%20infancy%20%2897.1%25%29%20and%20for%20cultural%20reasons%20%2860.8%25%29.%20Women%20who%20had%20undergone%20FGM%20had%20significantly%20higher%20risk%20for%20episiotomy%2C%20perineal%20tear%2C%20hemorrhage%2C%20cesarean%20delivery%2C%20neonatal%20resuscitation%2C%20fresh%20stillbirth%5C%2Fearly%20neonatal%20death%2C%20and%20longer%20hospitalization%2C%20with%20higher%20risk%20ratios%20associated%20with%20higher%20degrees%20of%20FGM.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20FGM%20is%20still%20a%20common%20practice%20in%20southeast%20Nigeria%2C%20where%20its%20association%20with%20adverse%20reproductive%20outcomes%20militates%20against%20efforts%20to%20achieve%20MDGs%203%2C%204%2C%20and%205.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014-05%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2013.11.008%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221879-3479%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-01-26T07%3A34%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FIQ2S5G2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Itimi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EItimi%2C%20K.%2C%20Dienye%2C%20P.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Gbeneol%2C%20P.%20K.%20%282014%29.%20Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20and%20Associated%20Coping%20Strategies%20among%20Women%20in%20a%20Primary%20Care%20Clinic%20in%20Port%20Harcourt%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Family%20Medicine%20and%20Primary%20Care%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E3%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20193%26%23x2013%3B198.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4103%5C%2F2249-4863.141601%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.4103%5C%2F2249-4863.141601%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Intimate%20Partner%20Violence%20and%20Associated%20Coping%20Strategies%20among%20Women%20in%20a%20Primary%20Care%20Clinic%20in%20Port%20Harcourt%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kalamawei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Itimi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paul%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dienye%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Precious%20K.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gbeneol%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Context%3A%5CnIntimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20is%20an%20important%20gender-based%2C%20social%2C%20and%20public%20health%20problem%2C%20affecting%20women%20globally.%5Cn%5CnAims%3A%5CnThe%20aim%20was%20to%20report%20the%20prevalence%20of%20IPV%20and%20describe%20the%20coping%20strategies%20of%20the%20victims.%5Cn%5CnSettings%20and%20Design%3A%5CnIt%20was%20conducted%20in%20the%20general%20outpatient%20clinic%20of%20a%20tertiary%20care%20hospital%20using%20a%20cross-sectional%20design.%5Cn%5CnMaterials%20and%20Methods%3A%5CnA%20random%20sample%20of%20consenting%20women%20living%20in%20an%20intimate%20partnership%20for%20a%20minimum%20of%201%20year%20were%20served%20with%20a%20three%20part%20structured%20questionnaire%20which%20sought%20information%20on%20sociodemographic%20characteristics%2C%20the%20experience%20of%20IPV%20and%20the%20Brief%20COPE%20Inventory.%5Cn%5CnStatistical%20Analysis%20Used%3A%5CnSPSS%20version%2017.0%20software%2C%20Microsoft%20word%20and%20Excel%20were%20used%20in%20data%20handling%20and%20analysis.%20Means%2C%20percentages%2C%20standard%20deviations%2C%20and%20Chi-square%20were%20calculated.%20P%20%3C%200.05%20was%20considered%20to%20be%20significant.%5Cn%5CnResults%3A%5CnOf%20the%20384%20participants%2C%20161%20%2841.9%25%29%20were%20physically%20abused.%20IPV%20was%20significantly%20common%20among%20women%20%5Cu226440%20years%20of%20age%2C%20married%20couples%20%2878.5%25%29%2C%20unemployed%20and%20in%20Christians.%20It%20was%20precipitated%20by%20argument%20with%20husband%20%2819.25%25%29%20and%20financial%20demands%20%2844.10%25%29.%20The%20employed%20coping%20strategy%20with%20the%20highest%20score%20was%20religion.%20The%20least%20score%20was%20found%20in%20substance%20abuse.%5Cn%5CnConclusion%3A%5CnThere%20was%20significantly%20high%20prevalence%20of%20domestic%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20this%20study.%20Hence%2C%20routine%20screening%20is%20advocated%20by%20family%20physicians%20to%20elicit%20abuse%20in%20order%20to%20avoid%20the%20more%20devastating%20psychological%20consequences%20after%20the%20incidence%20so%20as%20to%20institute%20appropriate%20treatment%20as%20multiple%20episodes%20of%20abuse%20appears%20to%20be%20cumulative%20in%20effect.%20The%20reason%20for%20violence%20mainly%20borders%20around%20the%20argument%20with%20husband%20and%20finance%20issues.%20The%20coping%20strategies%20utilized%20by%20the%20participants%20minimally%20involve%20substance%20abuse%2C%20but%20more%20of%20a%20religion.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.4103%5C%2F2249-4863.141601%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222249-4863%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2Fpmc%5C%2Farticles%5C%2FPMC4209670%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A24%3A56Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BQ98AWAK%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Unterhalter%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013-11-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EUnterhalter%2C%20E.%2C%20Heslop%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Mamedu%2C%20A.%20%282013%29.%20Girls%20claiming%20education%20rights%3A%20Reflections%20on%20distribution%2C%20empowerment%20and%20gender%20justice%20in%20Northern%20Tanzania%20and%20Northern%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EInternational%20Journal%20of%20Educational%20Development%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E33%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%286%29%2C%20566%26%23x2013%3B575.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijedudev.2013.05.007%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijedudev.2013.05.007%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Girls%20claiming%20education%20rights%3A%20Reflections%20on%20distribution%2C%20empowerment%20and%20gender%20justice%20in%20Northern%20Tanzania%20and%20Northern%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elaine%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Unterhalter%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heslop%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrew%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mamedu%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20article%20considers%20the%20analytical%20connection%20between%20two%20approaches%20to%20discussing%20girls%5Cu2019%20schooling%20and%20gender%20justice.%20One%20trend%20considers%20injustice%20primarily%20as%20a%20question%20of%20inequalities%20in%20distribution%20and%20raises%20few%20questions%20about%20the%20nature%20of%20the%20gender%20norms%20associated%20with%20inequitable%20distribution.%20A%20second%20approach%20looks%20at%20issues%20of%20empowerment%2C%20the%20ways%20in%20which%20structural%20gendered%20inequalities%20in%20the%20political%20economy%20and%20socio-cultural%20formations%20constrain%20the%20capacity%20of%20girls%20inside%20and%20outside%20school%20to%20claim%20the%20rights%20promised%20by%20education%2C%20but%20tends%20to%20underplay%20issues%20of%20distribution.%20The%20article%20considers%20what%20the%20relationship%20between%20these%20two%20approaches%20to%20gender%20justice%20might%20be%20though%20a%20detailed%20discussion%20of%20baseline%20data%20collected%20in%202008%20for%20the%20NGO%20led%20TEGINT%20%28Transforming%20education%20for%20girls%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20Tanzania%29%20project.%20Girls%5Cu2019%20identification%20of%20the%20obstacles%20to%20claiming%20education%20rights%20and%20possible%20solutions%20are%20used%20as%20proxies%20for%20empowerment%2C%20while%20different%20features%20of%20distribution%20are%20examined%20with%20regard%20to%20gender%20parity%20in%20access%20and%20progression%2C%20governance%20and%20management%2C%20and%20teacher%20qualifications.%20Quantitative%20data%20based%20on%20responses%20to%20a%20survey%20allows%20for%20correlation%20between%20aspects%20of%20distribution%20and%20empowerment%20to%20be%20considered%20across%20different%20contexts.%20The%20strongest%20association%20between%20empowerment%20and%20distribution%20is%20found%20with%20regard%20to%20the%20levels%20of%20teachers%5Cu2019%20qualifications%2C%20although%20there%20is%20not%20sufficient%20data%20to%20explain%20the%20reasons%20for%20this.%20The%20conclusion%20highlights%20the%20importance%20of%20contextual%20factors%20in%20understanding%20the%20relationships%20between%20distribution%20and%20empowerment%20evident%20from%20the%20data%20and%20the%20importance%20of%20designing%20future%20studies%20to%20look%20more%20closely%20at%20the%20dynamic%20two%20way%20relationship%20of%20distributional%20and%20empowerment%20aspects%20of%20gender%20justice%20in%20education.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013-11-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijedudev.2013.05.007%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220738-0593%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%5C%2Fscience%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fpii%5C%2FS0738059313000631%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A26%3A03Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HXGHH6NB%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Adeyemo%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222013%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAdeyemo%2C%20O.%20O.%20%282013%29.%20Early%20and%20Forced%20Marriages%20in%20an%20African%20System%3A%20An%20Appraisal%20of%20the%20Rights%20of%20the%20Child%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3ENigerian%20Journal%20of%20Family%20Practice%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E4%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%2027%26%23x2013%3B34.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fnjfp%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F109583%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fnjfp%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F109583%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Early%20and%20Forced%20Marriages%20in%20an%20African%20System%3A%20An%20Appraisal%20of%20the%20Rights%20of%20the%20Child%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adeyemo%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BackgroundThe%20rights%20of%20children%20all%20over%20the%20world%20is%20very%20important.%20Children%20seek%20special%20protection%20because%20they%20are%20too%20vulnerable%20and%20can%5Cu00a0hardly%20advocate%20for%20themselves.%20The%20United%20Nation%20Convention%20on%20the%20rights%20of%20the%20child%20stated%20that%20children%20should%20enjoy%20rights%20from%5Cu00a0when%20they%20are%20in%20the%20womb.%20This%20was%20also%20reiterated%20by%20the%20Child%20Rights%20Act%2C%202003.%20Children%20who%20have%20been%20abused%20and%20exploited%20find%5Cu00a0it%20very%20difficult%20to%20reach%20their%20full%20potential%20as%20children%20or%20adults%20and%20can%20hardly%20contribute%20meaningfully%20to%20the%20development%20of%20the%5Cu00a0society%20and%20the%20Nation%20as%20a%20whole.%20One%20of%20the%20ways%20in%20which%20the%20rights%20of%20children%20can%20be%20exploited%20is%20when%20they%20are%20forced%20to%20get%5Cu00a0married%20at%20an%20early%20age%20or%20to%20marry%20a%20person%20without%20their%20consent%20being%20obtained.%20This%20form%20of%20abuse%20affects%20the%20child%20as%20such%20a%20child%20is%5Cu00a0not%20capable%20of%20bearing%20the%20responsibilities%20and%20challenges%20associated%20with%20marriage%20for%20example%2C%20childbirth%20and%20taking%20care%20of%20the%5Cu00a0home.MethodsThis%20paper%20seeks%20to%20shed%20more%20light%20on%20the%20reasons%20why%20children%20are%20victims%20of%20forced%20and%20early%20marriages%20and%20the%20effects%20and%5Cu00a0consequences%20of%20such%20marriages%20on%20the%20child.%20The%20paper%20thereafter%20comes%20up%20with%20strategies%20that%20will%20make%20for%20a%20better%20implementation%5Cu00a0of%20such%20laws%20to%20effectively%20curb%20forced%20and%20early%20marriages%20in%20Nigeria.%20Primary%20and%20secondary%20data%20shall%20be%20relied%20upon%20in%20the%20course%5Cu00a0of%20searching%20for%20the%20root%20of%20this%20problem%20and%20its%20solutions.The%20primary%20data%20to%20be%20relied%20upon%20include%20Constitutions%2C%20principal%20and%5Cu00a0subsidiary%20Legislations%2C%20Case%20law%20and%20other%20relevant%20documents.%20The%20secondary%20data%20to%20be%20used%20include%20books%2C%20journal%20articles%2C%20reports%5Cu00a0of%20Non-Governmental%20Organizations%20and%20internet%20materials.%20This%20search%20was%20conducted%20with%20the%20purpose%20of%20gaining%20knowledge%20on%20the%5Cu00a0current%20situation%20of%20Child%20marriages%20in%20Nigeria%3B%20the%20efforts%20that%20have%20beenmade%20by%20government%20to%20protect%20such%20children%20and%20how%5Cu00a0effective%20the%20laws%20that%20have%20been%20put%20in%20place%20have%20been.%20It%20is%20expected%20that%20this%20research%20will%20contribute%20to%20knowledge%20which%20the%20society%5Cu00a0will%20perceive%20on%20child%20marriages%20and%20will%20spur%20the%20government%20to%20make%20changes%20as%20regard%20child%20rights%20legislation%20in%20Nigeria%20especially%5Cu00a0as%20regard%20its%20implementation.ResultsEarly%20and%20forced%20marriages%20have%20developmental%2C%20psychological%20and%20physical%20consequences%20on%20the%20child%20and%20even%20affects%20the%20society%5Cu00a0and%20the%20Nation%20as%20a%20whole.ConclusionEarly%20and%20forced%20marriages%20in%20Nigeria%20exists%20and%20needs%20to%20be%20curbed%20on%20time.%20All%20hands%20therefore%20need%20to%20be%20on%20deck%20to%20solve%20this%5Cu00a0problem%20since%20children%20are%20too%20immature%20both%20physically%20and%20mentally%20to%20fight%20on%20their%20own.Key%20words%3A%20Early%20and%20Forced%20marriage%2C%20Child%2C%20Child%20Rights%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222013%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222141-9884%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ajol.info%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Fnjfp%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F109583%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A26%3A38Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ADU79KVZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Antai%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222011-06-29%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAntai%2C%20D.%20%282011%29.%20Controlling%20behavior%2C%20power%20relations%20within%20intimate%20relationships%20and%20intimate%20partner%20physical%20and%20sexual%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EBMC%20Public%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E11%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%20511.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2F1471-2458-11-511%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2F1471-2458-11-511%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Controlling%20behavior%2C%20power%20relations%20within%20intimate%20relationships%20and%20intimate%20partner%20physical%20and%20sexual%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Diddy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Antai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Controlling%20behavior%20is%20more%20common%20and%20can%20be%20equally%20or%20more%20threatening%20than%20physical%20or%20sexual%20violence.%20This%20study%20sought%20to%20determine%20the%20role%20of%20husband%5C%2Fpartner%20controlling%20behavior%20and%20power%20relations%20within%20intimate%20relationships%20in%20the%20lifetime%20risk%20of%20physical%20and%20sexual%20violence%20in%20Nigeria.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222011-06-29%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1186%5C%2F1471-2458-11-511%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221471-2458%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1186%5C%2F1471-2458-11-511%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A28%3A01Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CG25ZCXQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Co%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ECo%2C%20C.%2C%20Ke%2C%20E.%2C%20Cc%2C%20C.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Se%2C%20I.%20%282010%29.%20Sexual%20violations%20among%20married%20women%20in%20southeastern%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EInternational%20Journal%20of%20Gynaecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3A%20The%20Official%20Organ%20of%20the%20International%20Federation%20of%20Gynaecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E110%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2010.02.013%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2010.02.013%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Sexual%20violations%20among%20married%20women%20in%20southeastern%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chigbu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Co%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ekweazi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ke%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chigbu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Iwuji%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Se%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Married%20women%20in%20southeastern%20Nigeria%20still%20are%20denied%20sexual%20rights%2C%20apparently%20owing%20to%20a%20culture%20of%20male%20dominance.%20A%20higher%20education%20alone%20may%20not%20lead%20to%20the%20advent%20of%20sexual%20rights%20for%20women%2C%20and%20a%20greater%20emphasis%20should%20be%20placed%20on%20societal%20reorientation.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222010%20Aug%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2010.02.013%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221879-3479%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2F20394926%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A32%3A39Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2268C9NB49%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Rochelle%20Terman%20and%20Mufuliat%20Fijabi%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ERochelle%20Terman%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Mufuliat%20Fijabi.%20%282010%29.%20%3Ci%3EStoning%20is%20not%20our%20culture%3A%20A%20comparative%20analysis%20of%20human%20rights%20and%20religious%20discourses%20in%20Iran%20and%20Nigeria.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20The%20Global%20Campaign%20to%20Stop%20Killing%20and%20Stoning%20Women%20%26amp%3B%20Women%20Living%20Under%20Muslim%20Laws.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.oursplatform.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FVNC-Stoning-Comparative-Analysis-of-HR-and-Religious-Discourses-in-Iran-and-Nigeria.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.oursplatform.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FVNC-Stoning-Comparative-Analysis-of-HR-and-Religious-Discourses-in-Iran-and-Nigeria.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Stoning%20is%20not%20our%20culture%3A%20A%20comparative%20analysis%20of%20human%20rights%20and%20religious%20discourses%20in%20Iran%20and%20Nigeria.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Rochelle%20Terman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Mufuliat%20Fijabi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22The%20Global%20Campaign%20to%20Stop%20Killing%20and%20Stoning%20Women%20%26%20Women%20Living%20Under%20Muslim%20Laws%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22March%202010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.oursplatform.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2FVNC-Stoning-Comparative-Analysis-of-HR-and-Religious-Discourses-in-Iran-and-Nigeria.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T11%3A47%3A01Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22UQFIQT3C%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Salaudeen%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ESalaudeen%2C%20A.%20G.%2C%20Akande%2C%20T.%20M.%2C%20Musa%2C%20O.%20I.%2C%20Bamidele%2C%20J.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Oluwole%2C%20F.%20A.%20%282010%29.%20Assessment%20of%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Kano%20metropolis%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3ENigerian%20Postgraduate%20Medical%20Journal%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E17%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20218%26%23x2013%3B222.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_213435_20%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_213435_20%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Assessment%20of%20violence%20against%20women%20in%20Kano%20metropolis%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Salaudeen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22T.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Akande%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Musa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bamidele%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22F.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oluwole%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22BACKGROUND%3A%20Violence%20against%20women%2C%20in%20its%20various%20forms%2C%20is%20endemic%20in%20communities%20and%20countries%20around%20the%20world%2C%20cutting%20across%20class%2C%20education%2C%20race%2C%20age%2C%20religious%20and%20national%20boundaries.%20AIMS%20AND%20OBJECTIVES%3A%20This%20descriptive%20cross-sectional%20study%20was%20conducted%20to%20identify%20various%20forms%20of%20gender%20based%20violence%20affecting%20women%20in%20Kano%20metropolis%2C%20determine%20factors%20responsible%20for%20gender%20based%20violence%20and%20use%20this%20to%20suggest%20ways%20of%20preventing%20gender%20based%20violence.%20SUBJECTS%20AND%20METHODS%3A%20Respondents%20for%20this%20study%20were%20selected%20from%20the%20eight%20metropolitan%20Local%20Government%20Areas%20of%20Kano%20State%2C%20Nigeria.%20Six%20hundred%20adult%20males%20and%20females%20were%20selected%20through%20a%20multi-stage%20sampling%20technique%20by%20the%20use%20of%20questionnaire%20as%20the%20data%20tool.%20RESULTS%3A%20More%20than%20three%20quarters%20436%20%2875.7%25%29%20of%20the%20respondents%20knew%20that%20women%20are%20subjected%20to%20various%20forms%20of%20verbal%20abuse%20in%20their%20homes%20by%20their%20spouses.%20Deprivation%20of%20assess%20to%20health%20care%20and%20education%20was%20identified%20by%20454%20%2878.8%25%29%20and%20490%20%2885.15%29%20respondents%20as%20challenges%20faced%20by%20women%20at%20homes.%20Majority%20of%20the%20respondents%20498%20%2886.4%25%29%20identified%20financial%20reason%2C%20four%20hundred%20and%20forty%20%2876.4%25%29%20respondents%20mentioned%20unfaithfulness%20and%20three-quarters%20434%20%2875.3%25%29%20of%20the%20respondents%20said%20refusal%20of%20sexual%20advance%20is%20a%20reason%20for%20violence%20activities%20witnessed%20by%20women%20in%20their%20respective%20homes.%20There%20was%20a%20statistically%20significant%20relationship%20in%20opinion%20of%20male%20and%20female%20on%20coercion%20of%20wife%20for%20sexual%20activities%20when%20she%20is%20tired%20and%20when%20she%20is%20not%20in%20the%20mood%20%28p-value%3D0.0000%29.%20CONCLUSION%3A%20Government%20and%20Non%20Governmental%20organisation%20should%20intensify%20activities%20to%20promote%20awareness%20and%20advocacy%20on%20violence%20against%20women.%20Involvement%20of%20males%20in%20all%20programmes%20relating%20to%20violence%20against%20women%20should%20be%20done%20especially%20since%20the%20perpetrators%20in%20most%20cases%20are%20men.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221117-1936%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_213435_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A30%3A57Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TU8HDFPA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Audu%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222009%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAudu%2C%20B.%2C%20Geidam%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Jarma%2C%20H.%20%282009%29.%20Child%20labor%20and%20sexual%20assault%20among%20girls%20in%20Maiduguri%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EInternational%20Journal%20of%20Gynaecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E104%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%281%29%2C%2064%26%23x2013%3B67.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2008.09.007%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2008.09.007%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Child%20labor%20and%20sexual%20assault%20among%20girls%20in%20Maiduguri%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bala%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Audu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ado%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Geidam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hajara%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jarma%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22OBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20determine%20the%20relationship%20between%20child%20labor%20and%20sexual%20assault%20among%20girls%20in%20Maiduguri%2C%20Nigeria.%20METHODS%3A%20Face-to-face%20interview%20using%20a%20validated%20questionnaire%20of%20a%20randomly%20selected%20sample%20of%20employed%20girls.%20RESULTS%3A%20Out%20of%20350%20girls%2C%20316%20were%20successfully%20interviewed%20for%20a%20response%20rate%20of%2090.3%25.%20Mean%20age%20of%20the%20girls%20was%2014.9%2B%5C%2F-2.3%20years%20and%20mean%20workday%20was%208.5%2B%5C%2F-3.8%20hours%5C%2Fday.%20In%2033.4%25%20of%20cases%20the%20girls%20had%20no%20formal%20education%2C%20and%2078.5%25%20were%20not%20currently%20going%20to%20school.%20The%20sexual%20assault%20rate%20was%2077.7%25%2C%20and%20in%2038.6%25%20of%20cases%20the%20assailant%20was%20a%20customer.%20Sexual%20assault%20was%20more%20likely%20in%20girls%20who%20were%20younger%20than%2012%20years%20%28OR%203.54%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.38-9.14%29%2C%20had%20no%20formal%20education%20%28OR%204.80%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.63-14.16%29%2C%20worked%20for%20more%20than%208%20hours%5C%2Fday%20%28OR%204.43%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.60-12.30%29%2C%20or%20had%202%20or%20more%20jobs%20%28OR%2016.09%3B%2095%25%20CI%2C%201.20-61.70%29.%20CONCLUSION%3A%20To%20reduce%20the%20risk%20of%20sexual%20assault%2C%20if%20girls%20are%20employed%20they%20should%20be%20older%2C%20work%20for%20limited%20hours%2C%20and%20not%20have%20more%20than%20one%20job%20at%20a%20time.%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222009%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijgo.2008.09.007%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220020-7292%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91387_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A36%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22DKH99IBC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ezechi%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222009%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EEzechi%2C%20O.%20C.%2C%20Gab-Okafor%2C%20C.%2C%20Onwujekwe%2C%20D.%20I.%2C%20Adu%2C%20R.%20A.%2C%20Amadi%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Herbertson%2C%20E.%20%282009%29.%20Intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20correlates%20in%20pregnant%20HIV%20positive%20Nigerians.%20%3Ci%3EArchives%20of%20Gynecology%20and%20Obstetrics%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E280%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%20745%26%23x2013%3B752.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00404-009-0956-9%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00404-009-0956-9%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Intimate%20partner%20violence%20and%20correlates%20in%20pregnant%20HIV%20positive%20Nigerians%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Oliver%20Chukwujekwu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ezechi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Chidinma%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gab-Okafor%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dan%20I.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onwujekwe%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Rosemary%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eva%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Amadi%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ebiere%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Herbertson%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22OBJECTIVE%3A%20To%20determine%20the%20prevalence%2C%20types%20and%20correlates%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20in%20pregnant%20Nigerian%20living%20with%20HIV.%20DESIGN%3A%20Cross%20sectional%20study.%20POPULATION%3A%20HIV%20positive%20pregnant%20women.%20SETTING%3A%20A%20large%20HIV%20comprehensive%20treatment%20centre.%20METHODS%3A%20A%20cross%20sectional%20study%20of%20652%20HIV%20positive%20pregnant%20Nigerians%20seen%20at%20Nigerian%20Institute%20of%20Medical%20Research%2C%20Lagos%2C%20Nigeria%20over%20a%2024%20months%20period.%20MAIN%20OUTCOME%20MEASURES%3A%20Prevalence%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20after%20HIV%20diagnosis.%20RESULTS%3A%20Among%20the%20women%20interviewed%2C%20423%20%2865.8%25%29%20reported%20abuse.%20In%2074.0%25%20of%20abused%20women%2C%20the%20abuse%20started%20after%20HIV%20diagnosis.%20Though%20having%20a%20HIV%20negative%20spouse%20and%20disclosure%20of%20HIV%20status%20were%20associated%20with%20abuse%2C%20only%20having%20a%20HIV%20negative%20partner%20retained%20its%20association%20with%20IPV%20%28OR%203.1%3B%20CI%202.4-5.3%29%20after%20controlling%20for%20confounding%20variables.%20Sixty-two%20%289.6%25%29%20women%20have%20not%20disclosed%20their%20HIV%20status%20because%20of%20fear%20of%20rejection.%20Verbal%20abuse%20%2851.7%25%29%2C%20threat%20of%20violence%20in%2097%20%2822.9%25%29%20and%20sexual%20deprivation%20in%2091%20%2821.5%25%29%20were%20the%20common%20forms%20of%20abuse%20reported.%20CONCLUSION%3A%20IPV%20is%20common%20among%20HIV%20positive%20pregnant%20Nigerians%3B%20with%20a%20threefold%20increased%20risk%20in%20women%20in%20HIV%20serodiscordant%20relationship.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222009%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs00404-009-0956-9%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220932-0067%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_95638_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A33%3A40Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WXG3JKCQ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Fawole%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EFawole%2C%20A.%20O.%2C%20Hunyinbo%2C%20K.%20I.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Fawole%2C%20O.%20I.%20%282008%29.%20Prevalence%20of%20violence%20against%20pregnant%20women%20in%20Abeokuta%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Australian%20%26amp%3B%20New%20Zealand%20Journal%20of%20Obstetrics%20%26amp%3B%20Gynaecology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E48%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20405%26%23x2013%3B414.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fj.1479-828X.2008.00868.x%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1111%5C%2Fj.1479-828X.2008.00868.x%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevalence%20of%20violence%20against%20pregnant%20women%20in%20Abeokuta%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adeniran%20Olubukola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kehinde%20Isaac%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hunyinbo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Olufunmilayo%20Ibitola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fawole%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22AIM%3A%20To%20determine%20the%20prevalence%20of%20violence%20to%20pregnant%20women%20within%2012%20months%20prior%20to%20and%20during%20the%20current%20pregnancy.%5CnMETHODS%3A%20Cross-sectional%20study%20of%20534%20pregnant%20women%20attending%20three%20secondary%20and%20one%20tertiary%20health%20facility%20in%20Abeokuta%2C%20Nigeria%20using%20semistructured%20interviewer-administered%20questionnaires.%5CnRESULTS%3A%20Prevalence%20of%20violence%20within%2012%20months%20prior%20to%20pregnancy%20was%2014.2%25.%20Polygamous%20union%2C%20low%20level%20of%20education%20in%20both%20woman%20and%20partner%20and%20consumption%20of%20alcohol%20by%20partners%20were%20significant%20%28P%20%3C%200.05%29%20risk%20factors%20of%20violence%20prior%20to%20pregnancy.%20Verbal%20abuse%20was%20the%20most%20common%20%2866.2%25%29%20type%20of%20abuse.%20Others%20included%20flogging%20%2810.8%25%29%2C%20slaps%20%289.5%25%29%2C%20threats%20of%20violence%20%286.8%25%29%20and%20forced%20sexual%20intercourse%20%282.7%25%29.%20The%20perpetrators%20were%20often%20husbands%20%2865.8%25%29%20and%20the%20parents%20%2815.8%25%29.%20Some%202.3%25%20of%20pregnant%20women%20had%20experienced%20violence%20during%20current%20pregnancy.%20Low%20level%20of%20education%20was%20significantly%20%28P%20%3C%200.05%29%20associated%20with%20experiencing%20violence%20during%20pregnancy.%20Although%20almost%2025%25%20of%20the%20pregnancies%20were%20unplanned%2C%20this%20was%20not%20significantly%20associated%20with%20experiencing%20violence%20%28P%20%3E%200.05%29.%20There%20were%20similarities%20in%20the%20perpetrators%20and%20forms%20of%20violence%20experienced%20before%20and%20during%20pregnancy%2C%20with%20partners%20being%20the%20most%20common%20perpetrators.%5CnCONCLUSION%3A%20Gender-based%20violence%20is%20common%20in%20our%20environment.%20Health-care%20providers%20should%20routinely%20screen%20for%20gender-based%20violence%20during%20antenatal%20visits%20in%20order%20to%20protect%20the%20health%20of%20both%20mother%20and%20child.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222008-08%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1111%5C%2Fj.1479-828X.2008.00868.x%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221479-828X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%5C%2F18837847%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A35%3A43Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ETEUMTMU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22INTERNATIONAL%20FEDERATION%20FOR%20HUMAN%20RIGHTS%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008-07-31%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EINTERNATIONAL%20FEDERATION%20FOR%20HUMAN%20RIGHTS.%20%282008%29.%20%3Ci%3EThe%20Nigeria%20NGO%20coalition%20shadow%20report%20to%20the%20CEDAW%20committee.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20INTERNATIONAL%20FEDERATION%5CnFOR%20HUMAN%20RIGHTS.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.fidh.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fregion%5C%2FAfrica%5C%2Fnigeria%5C%2FThe-Nigeria-NGO-coalition-shadow%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.fidh.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fregion%5C%2FAfrica%5C%2Fnigeria%5C%2FThe-Nigeria-NGO-coalition-shadow%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Nigeria%20NGO%20coalition%20shadow%20report%20to%20the%20CEDAW%20committee.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22INTERNATIONAL%20FEDERATION%20FOR%20HUMAN%20RIGHTS%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22INTERNATIONAL%20FEDERATION%5CnFOR%20HUMAN%20RIGHTS%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2231%20July%202008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.fidh.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fregion%5C%2FAfrica%5C%2Fnigeria%5C%2FThe-Nigeria-NGO-coalition-shadow%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T11%3A57%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22UBQ6Z93M%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Antai%20and%20Antai%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EAntai%2C%20D.%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Antai%2C%20J.%20%282008%29.%20Attitudes%20of%20women%20toward%20intimate%20partner%20violence%3A%20a%20study%20of%20rural%20women%20in%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3ERural%20and%20Remote%20Health%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E8%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%283%29%2C%20996.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91077_20%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91077_20%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Attitudes%20of%20women%20toward%20intimate%20partner%20violence%3A%20a%20study%20of%20rural%20women%20in%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Diddy%20E.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Antai%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Justina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Antai%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Predictors%20of%20rural%20women%27s%20attitudes%20in%20Nigeria%20toward%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20were%20investigated%20using%20a%20random%20sample%20of%20rural%20women%20%28n%20%3D%203911%29%20aged%2015-49%20years%20from%20the%202003%20Nigeria%20Demographic%20and%20Health%20Survey%20%28NDHS%29.%20Findings%20were%20suggestive%20of%20social%2C%20religious%2C%20and%20cultural%20influences%20in%20the%20women%27s%20attitudes%20towards%20IPV.%20Women%20resident%20in%20the%20three%20northern%20regions%2C%20the%20South%20South%20region%2C%20Muslim%20women%2C%20women%20with%20low%20levels%20of%20education%20and%20low%20household%20wealth%20were%20more%20likely%20to%20tolerate%20IPV.%20This%20is%20reflective%20of%20the%20socio-economic%20disadvantages%20they%20face%2C%20as%20well%20as%20the%20cultural%20and%20religious%20restrictions%20imposed%20on%20these%20women.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221445-6354%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91077_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A37%3A38Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226AD9UXBW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bankole%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EBankole%2C%20O.%20O.%2C%20Denloye%2C%20O.%20O.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Adeyemi%2C%20A.%20T.%20%282008%29.%20Child%20abuse%20and%20dentistry%3A%20a%20study%20of%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20among%20Nigerian%20dentists.%20%3Ci%3EAfrican%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20and%20Medical%20Sciences%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E37%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%282%29%2C%20125%26%23x2013%3B134.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91366_20%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91366_20%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Child%20abuse%20and%20dentistry%3A%20a%20study%20of%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20among%20Nigerian%20dentists%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bankole%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22O.%20O.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Denloye%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adeyemi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Child%20abuse%20is%20recognized%20globally%20as%20a%20major%20public%20health%20issue%20and%20in%20recent%20years%2C%20Nigerian%20communities%20have%20become%20increasingly%20aware%20of%20this%20problem.%20Numerous%20studies%20have%20revealed%20that%20the%20head%20and%20oro-facial%20region%20are%20common%20sites%20of%20trauma%20from%20child%20abuse.%20For%20this%20reason%2C%20dentists%20are%20in%20a%20strategic%20position%20to%20recognize%20and%20report%20suspected%20cases.%20The%20aim%20of%20the%20study%20is%20to%20assess%20the%20knowledge%20and%20attitudes%20of%20Nigerian%20dentists%20towards%20child%20abuse.%20A%20descriptive%20survey%20was%20conducted%20among%20175%20dentists%20in%20Nigeria.%20Results%20revealed%20that%20physical%20abuse%2C%20neglect%20and%20emotional%20abuse%20was%20recognized%20by%2061.7%25%2C%2053.1%25%20and%2033.1%25%20of%20the%20respondents%20respectively%20as%20forms%20of%20abuse.%20A%20greater%20proportion%20of%20the%20females%20%2842.3%25%29%20in%20contrast%20to%20the%20males%20%2826.9%25%29%20identified%20emotional%20abuse%20%28p%26lt%3B0.05%29.%20Psychosocial%2C%20medical%20and%20oro-dental%20signs%20were%20associated%20with%20child%20abuse%20by%2068.0%25%2C%2060%25%20and%2015.4%25%20of%20the%20respondents%20respectively.%20More%20than%20a%20third%20%2839.4%25%29%20of%20the%20dentists%20claimed%20to%20have%20suspected%20child%20abuse%20in%20one%20or%20more%20of%20their%20young%20patients%20however%2C%20only%206.9%25%20had%20actually%20reported.%20The%20possible%20effects%20on%20the%20child%2C%20uncertainty%20about%20the%20diagnosis%20and%20fear%20of%20litigation%20were%20factors%20which%2092%25%2C%2081.1%25%20and%2064.6%25%20of%20the%20dentists%20respectively%20claimed%20could%20influence%20their%20decision%20to%20reporting%20child%20abuse.%20This%20study%20has%20demonstrated%20that%20some%20knowledge%20gaps%20exist%20among%20dentists%20in%20recognizing%20and%20reporting%20this%20problem.%20There%20is%20a%20need%20for%20further%20information%20and%20training%20at%20all%20levels%20of%20the%20dental%20profession%20in%20the%20recognition%20and%20reporting%20of%20child%20abuse.%20%20%5Cn%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222008%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220309-3913%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_91366_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A34%3A33Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223V2QJNRP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Efetie%20and%20Salami%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222007%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EEfetie%2C%20E.%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Salami%2C%20H.%20A.%20%282007%29.%20Domestic%20violence%20on%20pregnant%20women%20in%20Abuja%2C%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20Obstetrics%20and%20Gynaecology%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E27%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20379%26%23x2013%3B382.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F01443610701327552%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1080%5C%2F01443610701327552%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Domestic%20violence%20on%20pregnant%20women%20in%20Abuja%2C%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22E.%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Efetie%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22H.%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Salami%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Violence%20against%20women%20is%20a%20human%20rights%20violation%2C%20which%20is%20increasingly%20becoming%20a%20serious%20public%20health%20issue.%20When%20it%20occurs%20in%20pregnant%20women%2C%20victims%20are%20recognised%20to%20be%20at%20higher%20risk%20of%20complications%20of%20pregnancy.%20A%20cross-sectional%20questionnaire%20survey%20was%20carried%20out%20over%20a%203-month%20period%20from%20May%20to%20July%202005%20to%20document%20the%20prevalence%2C%20knowledge%20and%20perception%20of%20domestic%20violence%20%28DV%29%20on%20pregnant%20women%20attending%20the%20antenatal%20clinic%20of%20the%20National%20Hospital%2C%20Abuja%2C%20Nigeria.%20The%20mean%20age%20of%20the%20respondents%20was%2031.5%20%2B%5C%2F-%204.25%20years%2C%20with%20a%20range%20of%2020%20-%2042%20years.%20Most%20%2885.2%25%29%20had%20attained%20tertiary%20education.%20While%20most%20%2892.9%25%29%20were%20aware%20of%20DV%20in%20pregnancy%2C%20125%20women%20%2837.4%25%29%20had%20experienced%20DV.%20Psychological%20abuse%20ranked%20highest%20with%2066.4%25%2C%20while%20physical%20and%20sexual%20abuse%20accounted%20for%2023.4%25%20and%2010.2%25%20of%20the%20group.%20Of%20this%20group%2C%2021.2%25%20required%20medical%20treatment%20as%20a%20result%20of%20DV%2C%20and%20all%20were%20aware%20of%20possible%20pregnancy%20complications%2C%20such%20as%20abortion%2C%20premature%20labour%20and%20depression.%20Most%20%2881.9%25%29%20of%20the%20respondents%20felt%20DV%20was%20illegal.%20A%20majority%20%2829.7%25%29%20kept%20their%20DV%20secret%20with%20a%20few%20numbers%20reporting%20to%20family%2C%20doctors%2C%20clergy%20or%20close%20friends.%20With%20higher%20educational%20status%2C%20the%20experience%20of%20DV%20was%20greater%2C%20although%20this%20was%20not%20statistically%20significant%20%28p%20%3E%200.05%29.%20Similarly%20with%20increasing%20parity%2C%20although%20this%20tended%20to%20reverse%20after%20parity%20of%203.%20The%20prevalence%20of%20DV%20found%20in%20Abuja%2C%20the%20centrally%20located%20capital%20city%20of%20Nigeria%20is%20higher%20than%20that%20from%20the%20study%20in%20Zaria%2C%20northern%20Nigeria%20%2828%25%29.%20This%20is%20cause%20for%20concern%2C%20and%20points%20to%20a%20rising%20trend%20in%20the%20northern%20region%20of%20the%20country%20although%20the%20centres%20are%20different.%20Similarly%2C%20the%20husband%5C%2Fspouse%20was%20the%20most%20common%20offender%3B%20responsible%20here%20for%2074.2%25%20of%20cases.%20This%20may%20give%20justification%20to%20recent%20calls%20for%20paternal%20educational%20classes%20for%20spouses.%20Increasing%20public%20awareness%20remains%20the%20key%2C%20through%20education%20and%20public%20enlightenment%20campaigns%2C%20with%20more%20emphasis%20on%20the%20identified%20perpetrator%20class.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222007%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1080%5C%2F01443610701327552%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220144-3615%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_67916_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A38%3A34Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22V39GIDWA%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Professor%20Christiana%20E.E.%20Okojie%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222006-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EProfessor%20Christiana%20E.E.%20Okojie.%20%282006%29.%20%3Ci%3EMeasures%20to%20combat%20trafficking%20in%20human%20beings%20in%20Benin%2C%20Nigeria%20and%20Togo.%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%20UNODC.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.unodc.org%5C%2Fdocuments%5C%2Fhuman-trafficking%5C%2Fht_research_report_nigeria.pdf%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.unodc.org%5C%2Fdocuments%5C%2Fhuman-trafficking%5C%2Fht_research_report_nigeria.pdf%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Measures%20to%20combat%20trafficking%20in%20human%20beings%20in%20Benin%2C%20Nigeria%20and%20Togo.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Professor%20Christiana%20E.E.%20Okojie%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22UNODC%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22September%202006%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.unodc.org%5C%2Fdocuments%5C%2Fhuman-trafficking%5C%2Fht_research_report_nigeria.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A39%3A02Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22FZPN2BWJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Edinburgh%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EEdinburgh%2C%20L.%2C%20Saewyc%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Levitt%2C%20C.%20%282006%29.%20Gender%20differences%20in%20extrafamilial%20sexual%20abuse%20experiences%20among%20young%20teens.%20%3Ci%3EJournal%20of%20School%20Nursing%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E22%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%285%29%2C%20278%26%23x2013%3B284.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_67707_24%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_67707_24%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Gender%20differences%20in%20extrafamilial%20sexual%20abuse%20experiences%20among%20young%20teens%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Laurel%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Edinburgh%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Saewyc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Levitt%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Extrafamilial%20sexual%20abuse%20experiences%20of%20young%20adolescents%20%28ages%2010-14%29%2C%20particularly%20young%20teen%20boys%2C%20are%20not%20well%20studied.%20This%20retrospective%20chart%20review%20study%20compared%20psychosocial%20correlates%20and%20victimization%20experiences%20between%20young%20adolescent%20girls%20%28n%20%3D%20226%29%20and%20boys%20%28n%20%3D%2064%29%20referred%20to%20a%20hospital%20child%20advocacy%20center.%20Several%20differences%20in%20risk%20behaviors%20and%20abuse%20experiences%20were%20found%3A%20Girls%20were%20more%20likely%20to%20have%20run%20away%2C%20to%20be%20truant%20from%20school%2C%20to%20report%20substance%20use%2C%20to%20have%20multiple%20perpetrators%2C%20and%20to%20have%20physical%20findings%20from%20the%20abuse.%20Boys%20were%20more%20likely%20to%20have%20a%20diagnosis%20of%20attention%20deficit%20disorder%20and%20to%20report%20anal%20penetration%2C%20and%20rarely%20disclosed%20abuse%20at%20the%20time%20of%20the%20incident.%20Peers%20were%20girls%27%20most%20common%20choice%20for%20disclosing%20abuse%2C%20whereas%20boys%20confided%20most%20often%20in%20their%20mothers%20or%20other%20adults.%20These%20findings%20suggest%20sexually%20abused%20young%20adolescent%20girls%20and%20boys%20need%20distinct%2C%20developmentally%20appropriate%20screening%20and%20care%20in%20school%20and%20health%20care%20settings.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221059-8405%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_67707_24%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A41%3A42Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22JT579KH2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Owoaje%20and%20Olaolorun%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3EOwoaje%2C%20E.%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Olaolorun%2C%20F.%20M.%20%282006%29.%20Intimate%20partner%20violence%20among%20women%20in%20a%20migrant%20community%20in%20southwest%20Nigeria.%20%3Ci%3EInternational%20Quarterly%20of%20Community%20Health%20Education%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20%3Ci%3E25%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%284%29%2C%20337%26%23x2013%3B349.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-DOIURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2190%5C%2FQ6M3-0270-1284-86KU%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2190%5C%2FQ6M3-0270-1284-86KU%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Intimate%20partner%20violence%20among%20women%20in%20a%20migrant%20community%20in%20southwest%20Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eme%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Owoaje%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Funmilola%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Olaolorun%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20descriptive%20cross%20sectional%20study%20was%20conducted%20to%20determine%20attitudes%20to%20and%20the%20prevalence%20of%20intimate%20partner%20violence%20%28IPV%29%20among%20women%20of%20reproductive%20age%20in%20a%20migrant%20community%20in%20southwest%20Nigeria.%20All%20consenting%20females%20aged%2015-49%20years%20in%20the%20area%20sampled%20were%20interviewed.%20A%20structured%20questionnaire%20administered%20in%20the%20local%20language%20was%20used%20to%20obtain%20information%20on%20attitudes%20toward%20IPV%20in%20seven%20hypothetical%20situations%20as%20well%20as%20their%20exposure%20to%20IPV.%20Eighty-seven%20percent%20of%20women%20had%20ever%20experienced%20IPV%2C%20while%2020%25%20experienced%20IPV%20in%20the%20preceding%2012%20months.%20Regarding%20attitudes%20to%20IPV%2C%2079.5%25%20of%20women%20believed%20that%20wife%20beating%20was%20justified%20in%20at%20least%20one%20of%20seven%20situations.%20Respondents%20who%20were%20not%20living%20with%20a%20male%20partner%20were%20more%20likely%20than%20their%20counterparts%20who%20were%20married%5C%2Fcohabiting%20to%20accept%20IPV%20%28p%20%3D%200.03%29.%20There%20is%20a%20need%20for%20a%20cultural%20reorientation%20through%20appropriate%20health%20education%20interventions.%3Cp%20%5C%2F%3E%20%5Cn%3Cp%3ELanguage%3A%20en%3C%5C%2Fp%3E%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.2190%5C%2FQ6M3-0270-1284-86KU%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.safetylit.org%5C%2Fcitations%5C%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dcitations.viewdetails%26citationIds%5B%5D%3Dcitjournalarticle_68308_20%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A40%3A23Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%227K6GTI8C%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Center%20for%20Reproductive%20Rights%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222003-01-06%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ECenter%20for%20Reproductive%20Rights.%20%282003%29.%20%3Ci%3EWomen%20of%20the%20world%3A%20Laws%20and%20policies%20affecting%20their%20reproductive%20lives%3A%20Anglophone%20Africa%2C%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20Center%20for%20Reproductive%20Rights.%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Freproductiverights.org%5C%2Fwomen-of-the-world-laws-and-policies-affecting-their-reproductive-lives-francophone-africa%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Freproductiverights.org%5C%2Fwomen-of-the-world-laws-and-policies-affecting-their-reproductive-lives-francophone-africa%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Women%20of%20the%20world%3A%20Laws%20and%20policies%20affecting%20their%20reproductive%20lives%3A%20Anglophone%20Africa%2C%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Center%20for%20Reproductive%20Rights%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22Center%20for%20Reproductive%20Rights%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2206%20January%202003%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Freproductiverights.org%5C%2Fwomen-of-the-world-laws-and-policies-affecting-their-reproductive-lives-francophone-africa%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T12%3A42%3A51Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZHGB8MA2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3ENigeria%20Men%20and%20Gender%20Equality%20Survey%20-%20NiMAGES.%20%28n.d.%29.%20%3Ci%3EEquimundo%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20Retrieved%20August%2031%2C%202023%2C%20from%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.equimundo.org%5C%2Fresources%5C%2Fnigeria-men-gender-equality-survey-nimages%5C%2F%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.equimundo.org%5C%2Fresources%5C%2Fnigeria-men-gender-equality-survey-nimages%5C%2F%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22blogPost%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nigeria%20Men%20and%20Gender%20Equality%20Survey%20-%20NiMAGES%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22This%20report%20presents%20results%20from%20the%20%5C%22Nigeria%20Men%20and%20Gender%20Equality%20Survey%2C%5C%22%20based%20on%20the%20methodology%20of%20IMAGES%2C%20which%20is%20co-coordinated%20by%20Equimundo.%22%2C%22blogTitle%22%3A%22Equimundo%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.equimundo.org%5C%2Fresources%5C%2Fnigeria-men-gender-equality-survey-nimages%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en-US%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222023-08-31T09%3A07%3A53Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22TZPJQPAK%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A9542089%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-bib-body%5C%22%20style%3D%5C%22line-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%5C%22%3E%5Cn%20%20%3Cdiv%20class%3D%5C%22csl-entry%5C%22%3E%3Ci%3ENigeria%3C%5C%2Fi%3E.%20%28n.d.%29.%20Retrieved%20October%2021%2C%202022%2C%20from%20%3Ca%20class%3D%27zp-ItemURL%27%20href%3D%27https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fevaw-global-database.unwomen.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fcountries%5C%2Fafrica%5C%2Fnigeria%27%3Ehttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fevaw-global-database.unwomen.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fcountries%5C%2Fafrica%5C%2Fnigeria%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%5Cn%3C%5C%2Fdiv%3E%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nigeria%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fevaw-global-database.unwomen.org%5C%2Fen%5C%2Fcountries%5C%2Fafrica%5C%2Fnigeria%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22PKZVFHPB%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222022-10-21T13%3A43%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Adelekan, B., Somefun, E., Kareem, O., Ibrahim, O., Welye, H., Sageer, R., Goldson, E., Umar, R., & Sekoni, A. O. (2024). The comparison of comprehensive sexuality education knowledge and attitudes in CSE-exposed and CSE-naïve non-formal settings in Lagos State, Nigeria. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(10), e0003858. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003858
Brown, D. S., McNelly, S., Meinhart, M., Sesay, I., Poulton, C., & Stark, L. (2024). Associations between intimate partner violence and women’s labor market outcomes in Nigeria. Global Health Research and Policy, 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-024-00362-1
Odini, F., Amuzie, C., Kalu, K. U., Nwamoh, U., Emma-Ukaegbu, U., Izuka, M., Odini, U., & Ezepue, C. (2024). Prevalence, pattern and predictors of intimate partner violence amongst female undergraduates in Abia State, Nigeria; public health implications. BMC Women’s Health, 24(1), 259. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-03088-x
Musa-Maliki, A. U., & Duma, S. E. (2024). Barriers to routine screening for intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Nigeria. Heliyon, 10(9), e30504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30504
Akinbode, A. O., Udoh, S. B., Eseigbe, P., Udom, N. U., & Olowu, M. O. (2023). Youth Sexual Exploitation in Nigeria: Pathway Influencers and Crossroad Solutions for an Undercarpet Menace. Current Pediatrics Reports, 11(3), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-023-00293-4
Onah, C. K., Ossai, E. N., Nwachukwu, O. M., Nwankwo, G. E., Mbam, H. O., & Azuogu, B. N. (2023). Factors associated with the practice of and intention to perform female genital mutilation on a female child among married women in Abakaliki Nigeria. BMC Women’s Health, 23, 376. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02537-3
AINA-PELEMO, A. D., Olujobi, O. J., & YEBISI, E. T. (2023). A socio-legal imperative of domestic violence prohibition in Africa vis-a-vis Nigerian legal structure for sexually abused women. F1000Research, 12, 397. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.132413.4
Ikuteyijo, O. O., Kaiser-Grolimund, A., Fetters, M. D., Akinyemi, A. I., & Merten, S. (2023). Health Providers’ Response to Female Adolescent Survivors of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence and Demand Side Barriers in the Utilization of Support Services in Urban Low-Income Communities of Nigeria. Healthcare, 11(19), 2627. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11192627
Nnanatu, C. C., Atilola, G., Komba, P., Mavatikua, L., Moore, Z., Matanda, D., Obianwu, O., & Kandala, N.-B. (2021). Evaluating changes in the prevalence of female genital mutilation/cutting among 0-14 years old girls in Nigeria using data from multiple surveys: A novel Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model. PloS One, 16(2), e0246661. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246661
Stark, L., Seff, I., Weber, A. M., Cislaghi, B., Meinhart, M., Bermudez, L. G., Atuchukwu, V., Onotu, D., & Darmstadt, G. L. (2020). Perpetration of intimate partner violence and mental health outcomes: sex- and gender-disaggregated associations among adolescents and young adults in Nigeria. Journal of Global Health, 10(1), 010708. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.10.010708
Meinhart, M., Seff, I., Darmstadt, G. L., Weber, A. M., & Stark, L. (2020). Attitudinal Acceptance of Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Nigeria and Tanzania: An Exploration Into Target Reference Groups. Journal of Adolescent Health, 66(1), S3–S8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.10.006
Nguyen, K. H., Padilla, M., Villaveces, A., Patel, P., Atuchukwu, V., Onotu, D., Apondi, R., Aluzimbi, G., Chipimo, P., Kancheya, N., & Kress, H. (2019). Coerced and forced sexual initiation and its association with negative health outcomes among youth: Results from the Nigeria, Uganda, and Zambia Violence Against Children Surveys. Child Abuse & Neglect, 96, 104074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104074
Fawole, O. I., van Wyk, J. M., Balogun, B. O., Akinsola, O. J., & Adejimi, A. (2019). Preparing medical students to recognize and respond to gender based violence in Nigeria. African Health Sciences, 19(1), 1486–1498. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v19i1.22
Ezeudu, C. C., Akpa, O., Waziri, N. E., Oladimeji, A., Adedire, E., Saude, I., Nguku, P., Nsubuga, P., & Fawole, O. I. (2019). Prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence, before and during pregnancy among attendees of maternal and child health services, Enugu, Nigeria: mixed method approach, January 2015. The Pan African Medical Journal, 32(Suppl 1), 14. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.supp.2019.32.1.13287
Benebo, F. O., Schumann, B., & Vaezghasemi, M. (2018). Intimate partner violence against women in Nigeria: a multilevel study investigating the effect of women’s status and community norms. BMC Women’s Health, 18(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0628-7
Caroline Pinder, & 28 Too many. (2018). Nigeria: The law and FGM. Thomson Reuters Foundation. https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/5b3497357.pdf
Solanke, B. L. (2018). Does exposure to interparental violence increase women’s risk of intimate partner violence? Evidence from Nigeria demographic and health survey. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 18(1), e1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-018-0143-9
Sunmola, A. M., Mayungbo, O. A., Fayehun, O. A., Opayemi, R. S., & Morakinyo, L. A. (2018). Is women’s tendency to negotiate safer sex another opportunity for intimate partner violence in Nigeria? Journal of Interpersonal Violence, ePub(ePub), 886260518779071. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518779071
Gage, A. J., & Thomas, N. J. (2017). Women’s work, gender roles, and intimate partner violence in Nigeria. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(7), 1923–1938. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1023-4
Afe, T. O., Emedoh, T. C., Ogunsemi, O. O., & Adegohun, A. A. (2017). Socio-demographic characteristics, partner characteristics, socioeconomic variables, and intimate partner violence in women with schizophrenia in south-south Nigeria. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 28(2), 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2017.0069
Amoran, O. E., Oni, O. O., & Salako, A. A. (2017). Predictors of intimate partner violence among women of reproductive age group in Sagamu local government area in Ogun State, Western Nigeria: a community-based study. Journal of Clinical Sciences, 14(1), e36. https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-6859.199161
Human Rights Watch. (2016). “Tell me where I can be safe” The impact of Nigeria’s same sex marriage (prohibition) act. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/nigeria1016_web.pdf
28 Too Many. (2016). Country profile: FGM in Nigeria. 28 Too Many. https://www.28toomany.org/media/uploads/Country%20Research%20and%20Resources/Nigeria/nigeria_country_profile_v2_(november_2017).pdf
Olumide, A. O., & Ojengbede, O. A. (2016). The media as a critical determinant of the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 8, 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2016.02.006
Ogunfowokan, A. A., Olagunju, O. E., Olajubu, A. O., Faremi, F. A., Oloyede, A. S., & Sharps, P. W. (2016). Correlates of Self-Report of Rape Among Male School Adolescents in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31(4), 555–571. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514556104
Hassan, M., Awosan, K. J., Panti, A. A., Nasir, S., Tunau, K., Umar, A. G., Shehu, C. E., Ukwu, A. E., & Sulaiman, B. (2016). Prevalence and pattern of sexual assault in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Pan African Medical Journal, 24, e332. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.24.332.9462
Adeniran, A. S., Fawole, A. A., Balogun, O. R., Ijaiya, M. A., Adesina, K. T., & Adeniran, I. P. (2015). Female genital mutilation/cutting: Knowledge, practice and experiences of secondary schoolteachers in North Central Nigeria. South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 21(2), 39–43. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajog/article/view/129871
Sigbeku, O. A., Fawole, O. I., & Ogunniyan, T. B. (2015). Experience of intimate partner violence as a predictor of sexually transmitted infections among married women in nigeria. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine, 13(1), 6–16. https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_509336_28
Lawani, L. O., Onyebuchi, A. K., Iyoke, C. A., & Okeke, N. E. (2014). Female genital mutilation and efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goals 3, 4, and 5 in southeast Nigeria. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 125(2), 125–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.11.008
Itimi, K., Dienye, P. O., & Gbeneol, P. K. (2014). Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Coping Strategies among Women in a Primary Care Clinic in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 3(3), 193–198. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.141601
Unterhalter, E., Heslop, J., & Mamedu, A. (2013). Girls claiming education rights: Reflections on distribution, empowerment and gender justice in Northern Tanzania and Northern Nigeria. International Journal of Educational Development, 33(6), 566–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2013.05.007
Adeyemo, O. O. (2013). Early and Forced Marriages in an African System: An Appraisal of the Rights of the Child in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Family Practice, 4(2), 27–34. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njfp/article/view/109583
Antai, D. (2011). Controlling behavior, power relations within intimate relationships and intimate partner physical and sexual violence against women in Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 511. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-511
Co, C., Ke, E., Cc, C., & Se, I. (2010). Sexual violations among married women in southeastern Nigeria. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 110(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.02.013
Rochelle Terman, & Mufuliat Fijabi. (2010). Stoning is not our culture: A comparative analysis of human rights and religious discourses in Iran and Nigeria. The Global Campaign to Stop Killing and Stoning Women & Women Living Under Muslim Laws. https://www.oursplatform.org/wp-content/uploads/VNC-Stoning-Comparative-Analysis-of-HR-and-Religious-Discourses-in-Iran-and-Nigeria.pdf
Salaudeen, A. G., Akande, T. M., Musa, O. I., Bamidele, J. O., & Oluwole, F. A. (2010). Assessment of violence against women in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, 17(3), 218–222. https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_213435_20
Audu, B., Geidam, A., & Jarma, H. (2009). Child labor and sexual assault among girls in Maiduguri, Nigeria. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 104(1), 64–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2008.09.007
Ezechi, O. C., Gab-Okafor, C., Onwujekwe, D. I., Adu, R. A., Amadi, E., & Herbertson, E. (2009). Intimate partner violence and correlates in pregnant HIV positive Nigerians. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 280(5), 745–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-0956-9
Fawole, A. O., Hunyinbo, K. I., & Fawole, O. I. (2008). Prevalence of violence against pregnant women in Abeokuta, Nigeria. The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 48(4), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2008.00868.x
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR HUMAN RIGHTS. (2008). The Nigeria NGO coalition shadow report to the CEDAW committee. INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION
FOR HUMAN RIGHTS. https://www.fidh.org/en/region/Africa/nigeria/The-Nigeria-NGO-coalition-shadow
Antai, D. E., & Antai, J. (2008). Attitudes of women toward intimate partner violence: a study of rural women in Nigeria. Rural and Remote Health, 8(3), 996. https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_91077_20
Bankole, O. O., Denloye, O. O., & Adeyemi, A. T. (2008). Child abuse and dentistry: a study of knowledge and attitudes among Nigerian dentists. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 37(2), 125–134. https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_91366_20
Efetie, E. R., & Salami, H. A. (2007). Domestic violence on pregnant women in Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 27(4), 379–382. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610701327552
Professor Christiana E.E. Okojie. (2006). Measures to combat trafficking in human beings in Benin, Nigeria and Togo. UNODC. https://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/ht_research_report_nigeria.pdf
Edinburgh, L., Saewyc, E., & Levitt, C. (2006). Gender differences in extrafamilial sexual abuse experiences among young teens. Journal of School Nursing, 22(5), 278–284. https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_67707_24
Owoaje, E. T., & Olaolorun, F. M. (2006). Intimate partner violence among women in a migrant community in southwest Nigeria. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 25(4), 337–349. https://doi.org/10.2190/Q6M3-0270-1284-86KU
Center for Reproductive Rights. (2003). Women of the world: Laws and policies affecting their reproductive lives: Anglophone Africa,. Center for Reproductive Rights. https://reproductiverights.org/women-of-the-world-laws-and-policies-affecting-their-reproductive-lives-francophone-africa/
Nigeria Men and Gender Equality Survey - NiMAGES. (n.d.). Equimundo. Retrieved August 31, 2023, from https://www.equimundo.org/resources/nigeria-men-gender-equality-survey-nimages/
Nigeria. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://evaw-global-database.unwomen.org/en/countries/africa/nigeria